Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userTop-down fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures for deterministic coupling to single quantum emitters
146
0
0.0
(
0
)
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
Metal nanostructures can be used to harvest and guide the emission of single photon emitters on-chip via surface plasmon polaritons. In order to develop and characterize photonic devices based on emitter-plasmon hybrid structures a deterministic and scalable fabrication method for such structures is desirable. Here we demonstrate deterministic and scalable top-down fabrication of metal wires onto preselected nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds using clean room nano-fabrication methods. We observe a life-time reduction of the emitter emission that is consistent with earlier proof-of-principle experiments that used non-deterministic fabrication methods. This result indicates that top-down fabrication is a promising technique for processing future devices featuring single photon emitters and plasmonic nanostructures.
rate research
Read More
We report the observation of the generation and routing of single plasmons generated by localized excitons in a WSe$_2$ monolayer flake exfoliated onto lithographically defined Au-plasmonic waveguides. Statistical analysis of the position of different quantum emitters shows that they are $(3.3 pm 0.7)times$ more likely to form close to the edges of the plasmonic waveguides. By characterizing individual emitters we confirm their single-photon character via the observation of antibunching of the signal ($g^{(2)}(0) = 0.42$) and demonstrate that specific emitters couple to the modes of the proximal plasmonic waveguide. Time-resolved measurements performed on emitters close to, and far away from the plasmonic nanostructures indicate that Purcell factors up to $15 pm 3$ occur, depending on the precise location of the quantum emitter relative to the tightly confined plasmonic mode. Measurement of the point spread function of five quantum emitters relative to the waveguide with <50nm precision are compared with numerical simulations to demonstrate potential for higher increases of the coupling efficiency for ideally positioned emitters. The integration of such strain-induced quantum emitters with deterministic plasmonic routing is a step toward deep-subwavelength on-chip single quantum light sources.
Intense efforts have been made in recent years to realize nonlinear optical interactions at the single-photon level. Much of this work has focused on achieving strong third-order nonlinearities, such as by using single atoms or other quantum emitters while the possibility of achieving strong second-order nonlinearities remains unexplored. Here, we describe a novel technique to realize such nonlinearities using graphene, exploiting the strong per-photon fields associated with tightly confined graphene plasmons in combination with spatially nonlocal nonlinear optical interactions. We show that in properly designed graphene nanostructures, these conditions enable extremely strong internal down-conversion between a single quantized plasmon and an entangled plasmon pair, or the reverse process of second harmonic generation. A separate issue is how such strong internal nonlinearities can be observed, given the nominally weak coupling between these plasmon resonances and free-space radiative fields. On one hand, by using the collective coupling to radiation of nanostructure arrays, we show that the internal nonlinearities can manifest themselves as efficient frequency conversion of radiative fields at extremely low input powers. On the other hand, the development of techniques to efficiently couple to single nanostructures would allow these nonlinear processes to occur at the level of single input photons.
In the present study, we developed a fabrication process of an electrically driven single-photon LED based on InP QDs emitting in the red spectral range, the wavelength of interest coinciding with the high efficiency window of Si APDs. A deterministic lithography technique allowed for the pre-selection of a suitable QD, here exclusively operated under electrical carrier injection. The final device was characterized under micro-electroluminescence in direct current, as well as in pulsed excitation mode. In particular, under pulsed excitation of one device, single-photon emission of a spectral line, identified as an exciton, has been observed with $g^{(2)}_mathrm{raw}(0)=0.42pm0.02$, where the non-zero $g^{(2)}$-value is mainly caused by background contribution in the spectrum and re-excitation processes due to the electrical pulse length. The obtained results constitute an important step forward in the fabrication of electrically driven single-photon sources, where deterministic lithography techniques can be used to sensibly improve the device performances. In principle, the developed process can be extended to any desired emitter wavelength above $600,mathrm{nm}$ up to the telecom bands.
High temporal stability and spin dynamics of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond crystals make them one of the most promising quantum emitters operating at room temperature. We demonstrate a chip-integrated cavity-coupled emission into propagating surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes narrowing NV centers broad emission bandwidth with enhanced coupling efficiency. The cavity resonator consists of two distributed Bragg mirrors that are built at opposite sides of the coupled NV emitter and are integrated with a dielectric-loaded SPP waveguide (DLSPPW), using electron-beam lithography of hydrogen silsesquioxane resist deposited on silver-coated silicon substrates. A quality factor of ~ 70 for the cavity (full width at half maximum ~ 10 nm) with full tunability of the resonance wavelength is demonstrated. An up to 42-fold decay rate enhancement of the spontaneous emission at the cavity resonance is achieved, indicating high DLSPPW mode confinement.
Monolithic integration of quantum emitters in nanoscale plasmonic circuitry requires low-loss plasmonic configurations capable of confining light well below the diffraction limit. We demonstrate on-chip remote excitation of nanodiamond-embedded single quantum emitters by plasmonic modes of dielectric ridges atop colloidal silver crystals. The nanodiamonds are produced to incorporate single germanium-vacancy (GeV) centers, providing bright, spectrally narrow and stable single-photon sources suitable for highly integrated circuits. Using electron-beam lithography with hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist, dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides (DLSPPWs) are fabricated on single crystalline silver plates so as to contain those of spin-casted nanodiamonds that are found to feature appropriate single GeV centers. The low-loss plasmonic configuration enabled the 532 nm pump laser light to propagate on-chip in the DLSPPW and reach to an embedded nanodiamond where a single GeV center is incorporated. The remote GeV emitter is thereby excited and coupled to spatially confined DLSPPW modes with an outstanding figure-of-merit of 180 due to a ~6-fold Purcell enhancement, ~56% coupling efficiency and ~33 {mu}m transmission length, revealing the potential of our approach for on-chip realization of nanoscale functional quantum devices.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
