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Register a new userIs ``good enough'' good enough? Ethical and responsible development of sign language technologies
هو "جيد بما فيه الكفاية" جيدة بما فيه الكفاية؟التطوير الأخلاقي والمسؤول لتقنيات لغة الإشارة
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تحدد هذه الورقة بعض المزالق الشائعة والمحددة في تطوير تكنولوجيات تسجيل اللغات المستهدفة في المجتمعات الصم، مع التركيز المحدد على توقيع الصور الرمزية. إنه يجعل الدعوة إلى استجواب بعض الأيديولوجيات المليسة على وجه السرعة وراء تلك التقنيات، بما في ذلك قضايا التنمية الأخلاقية والمسؤولة. تعالج الورقة أربع مشكلات منفصلة ومترابطة: أيديولوجيات حول الأشخاص الصم والاتصالات بوساطة، التحيز في مجموعات البيانات والتعلم، ملاحظات المستخدمين، وتطبيقات التقنيات. تنتهي الورقة مع العديد من النقاط على حد سواء مطوري التكنولوجيا والمنظمات غير الحكومية الصم. يجب أن يقدم مطورو التكنولوجيا المزيد من الاعتبار لتنويع فريقهم وعمل متعدد التخصصات، ويكونوا في اعتبارهم التحيزات التي يزحف حتما في مجموعات البيانات. يجب أن يكون هناك أيضا اعتبار للمستخدمين النهائيين في التقنيات. ليس الفقراء لغة الإشارة ليسوا المستخدمين النهائيين ولا يجب أن ينظر إليهم كمعيار لاستخدام اللغة. يمكن للمطورين التكنولوجيين والمنظمات غير الحكومية الصماء الانخراط في حوار حول كيفية إعطاء الأولوية لنطاقات التطبيق وتحديد الأولويات داخل مجالات التطبيق. أخيرا، ستحتاج تصريحات سياسة المنظمات غير الحكومية الصم إلى إلقاء نظرة أطول واستخدام الصور الرمزية للتفكير في نظام أفضل بكثير مقارنة بخدمات تفسير لغة الإشارة التي يمكن أن توفرها.
This paper identifies some common and specific pitfalls in the development of sign language technologies targeted at deaf communities, with a specific focus on signing avatars. It makes the call to urgently interrogate some of the ideologies behind those technologies, including issues of ethical and responsible development. The paper addresses four separate and interlinked issues: ideologies about deaf people and mediated communication, bias in data sets and learning, user feedback, and applications of the technologies. The paper ends with several take away points for both technology developers and deaf NGOs. Technology developers should give more consideration to diversifying their team and working interdisciplinary, and be mindful of the biases that inevitably creep into data sets. There should also be a consideration of the technologies' end users. Sign language interpreters are not the end users nor should they be seen as the benchmark for language use. Technology developers and deaf NGOs can engage in a dialogue about how to prioritize application domains and prioritize within application domains. Finally, deaf NGOs policy statements will need to take a longer view, and use avatars to think of a significantly better system compared to what sign language interpreting services can provide.
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