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Modeling self-organization of communication and topology in social networks

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 Added by Martin Rosvall
 Publication date 2005
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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This paper introduces a model of self-organization between communication and topology in social networks, with a feedback between different communication habits and the topology. To study this feedback, we let agents communicate to build a perception of a network and use this information to create strategic links. We observe a narrow distribution of links when the communication is low and a system with a broad distribution of links when the communication is high. We also analyze the outcome of chatting, cheating, and lying, as strategies to get better access to information in the network. Chatting, although only adopted by a few agents, gives a global gain in the system. Contrary, a global loss is inevitable in a system with too many liars



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146 - M. Rosvall , K. Sneppen 2006
We model self-assembly of information in networks to investigate necessary conditions for building a global perception of a system by local communication. Our approach is to let agents chat in a model system to self-organize distant communication-pathways. We demonstrate that simple local rules allow agents to build a perception of the system, that is robust to dynamical changes and mistakes. We find that messages are most effectively forwarded in the presence of hubs, while transmission in hub-free networks is more robust against misinformation and failures.
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Communication is crucial when disasters isolate communities of people and rescue is delayed. Such delays force citizens to be first responders and form small rescue teams. Rescue teams require reliable communication, particularly in the first 72 hours, which is challenging due to damaged infrastructure and electrical blackouts. We design a peer-to-peer communication network that meets these challenges. We introduce the concept of participatory fairness: equal communication opportunities for all citizens regardless of initial inequality in phone battery charge. Our value-sensitive design approach achieves an even battery charge distribution across phones over time and enables citizens to communicate over 72 hours. We apply the fairness principle to communication in an adapted standard Barabasi-Albert model of a scale-free network that automatically (i) assigns high-battery phones as hubs, (ii) adapts the network topology to the spatio-temporal battery charge distribution, and (iii) self-organizes to remain robust and reliable when links fail or phones leave the network. While the Barabasi-Albert model has become a widespread descriptive model, we demonstrate its use as a design principle to meet values such as fairness and systemic efficiency. Our results demonstrate that, compared to a generic peer-to-peer mesh network, the new protocol achieves (i) a longer network lifetime, (ii) an adaptive information flow, (iii) a fair distribution of battery charge, and (iv) higher participation rates. Hence, our protocol, Self-Organization for Survival (SOS), provides fair communication opportunities to all citizens during a disaster through self-organization. SOS enables participatory resilience and sustainability, empowering citizens to communicate when they need it most.
In social networks, individuals constantly drop ties and replace them by new ones in a highly unpredictable fashion. This highly dynamical nature of social ties has important implications for processes such as the spread of information or of epidemics. Several studies have demonstrated the influence of a number of factors on the intricate microscopic process of tie replacement, but the macroscopic long-term effects of such changes remain largely unexplored. Here we investigate whether, despite the inherent randomness at the microscopic level, there are macroscopic statistical regularities in the long-term evolution of social networks. In particular, we analyze the email network of a large organization with over 1,000 individuals throughout four consecutive years. We find that, although the evolution of individual ties is highly unpredictable, the macro-evolution of social communication networks follows well-defined statistical patterns, characterized by exponentially decaying log-variations of the weight of social ties and of individuals social strength. At the same time, we find that individuals have social signatures and communication strategies that are remarkably stable over the scale of several years.
303 - M. Rosvall , K. Sneppen 2009
To investigate the role of information flow in group formation, we introduce a model of communication and social navigation. We let agents gather information in an idealized network society, and demonstrate that heterogeneous groups can evolve without presuming that individuals have different interests. In our scenario, individuals access to global information is constrained by local communication with the nearest neighbors on a dynamic network. The result is reinforced interests among like-minded agents in modular networks; the flow of information works as a glue that keeps individuals together. The model explains group formation in terms of limited information access and highlights global broadcasting of information as a way to counterbalance this fragmentation. To illustrate how the information constraints imposed by the communication structure affects future development of real-world systems, we extrapolate dynamics from the topology of four social networks.
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