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Register a new userPhase shift experiments identifying Kramers doublets in a chaotic superconducting microwave billiard of threefold symmetry
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Authors
C. Dembowski
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The spectral properties of a two-dimensional microwave billiard showing threefold symmetry have been studied with a new experimental technique. This method is based on the behavior of the eigenmodes under variation of a phase shift between two input channels, which strongly depends on the symmetries of the eigenfunctions. Thereby a complete set of 108 Kramers doublets has been identified by a simple and purely experimental method. This set clearly shows Gaussian unitary ensemble statistics, although the system is time-reversal invariant.
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We discuss the concept of Direct Chaotic Communication (DCC). The scheme is based on the following ideas: (1) the chaotic source generates chaotic oscillations directly in the specified microwave band; (2) information component is input by means of formation of the appropriate stream of chaotic radio pulses; (3) envelope detection is used. The principle of communication scheme is confirmed experimentally in microwave band. The transmission rates of 3.34, 10.0 and up to 70.0 Mbps are demonstrated. his only looks like the abstract.
We report on the experimental realization of a flat, superconducting microwave resonator, a microwave billiard, with partially violated time-reversal (T ) invariance, induced by inserting a ferrite into the cavity and magnetizing it with an external magnetic field perpendicular to the resonator plane. In order to prevent its expulsion caused by the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect we used a cavity of which the top and bottom plate were made from niobium, a superconductor of type II, and cooled it down to liquid-helium temperature T LHe 4 K. The Cavity had the shape of a chaotic Afrivca billiard. Superconductivity rendered possible the accurate determination of complete sequences of the resonance frequencies and of the widths and strengths of the resonances, an indispensable prerequisite for the unambiguous detection of T invariance violation, especially when it is only partially violated. This allows for the first time the precise specification of the size of T invariance violation from the fluctuation properties of the resonance frequencies and from the strength distribution, which actually depends sensitively on it and thus provides a most suitable measure. For this purpose we derived an analytical expression for the latter which is valid for isolated resonances in the range from no T invariance violation to complete violation.
We have measured resonance spectra in a superconducting microwave cavity with the shape of a three-dimensional generalized Bunimovich stadium billiard and analyzed their spectral fluctuation properties. The experimental length spectrum exhibits contributions from periodic orbits of non-generic modes and from unstable periodic orbit of the underlying classical system. It is well reproduced by our theoretical calculations based on the trace formula derived by Balian and Duplantier for chaotic electromagnetic cavities.
In the present work we investigate phase correlations by recourse to the Shannon entropy. Using theoretical arguments we show that the entropy provides an accurate measure of phase correlations in any dynamical system, in particular when dealing with a chaotic diffusion process. We apply this approach to different low dimensional maps in order to show that indeed the entropy is very sensitive to the presence of correlations among the successive values of angular variables, even when it is weak. Later on, we apply this approach to unveil strong correlations in the time evolution of the phases involved in the Arnolds Hamiltonian that lead to anomalous diffusion, particularly when the perturbation parameters are comparatively large. The obtained results allow us to discuss the validity of several approximations and assumptions usually introduced to derive a local diffusion coefficient in multidimensional near--integrable Hamiltonian systems, in particular the so-called reduced stochasticity approximation.
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Baowen Li (1. Centre for Nonlinear Studies
, Hong Kong Baptistn University
, Hong Kong 2. CAMTP
1997
We study numerically the scaling properties of scars in stadium billiard. Using the semiclassical criterion, we have searched systematically the scars of the same type through a very wide range, from ground state to as high as the 1 millionth state. We have analyzed the integrated probability density along the periodic orbit. The numerical results confirm that the average intensity of certain types of scars is independent of $hbar$ rather than scales with $sqrt{hbar}$. Our findings confirm the theoretical predictions of Robnik (1989).
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