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A $p$-adic Schr{o}dinger-type operator $D^{alpha}+V_Y$ is studied. $D^{alpha}$ ($alpha>0$) is the operator of fractional differentiation and $V_Y=sum_{i,j=1}^nb_{ij}<delta_{x_j}, cdot>delta_{x_i}$ $(b_{ij}inmathbb{C})$ is a singular potential containing the Dirac delta functions $delta_{x}$ concentrated on points ${x_1,...,x_n}$ of the field of $p$-adic numbers $mathbb{Q}_p$. It is shown that such a problem is well-posed for $alpha>1/2$ and the singular perturbation $V_Y$ is form-bounded for $alpha>1$. In the latter case, the spectral analysis of $eta$-self-adjoint operator realizations of $D^{alpha}+V_Y$ in $L_2(mathbb{Q}_p)$ is carried out.
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A number of papers over the past eight years have claimed to solve the fractional Schr{o}dinger equation for systems ranging from the one-dimensional infinite square well to the Coulomb potential to one-dimensional scattering with a rectangular barrier. However, some of the claimed solutions ignore the fact that the fractional diffusion operator is inherently nonlocal, preventing the fractional Schr{o}dinger equation from being solved in the usual piecewise fashion. We focus on the one-dimensional infinite square well and show that the purported groundstate, which is based on a piecewise approach, is definitely not a solution of the fractional Schr{o}dinger equation for general fractional parameters $alpha$. On a more positive note, we present a solution to the fractional Schr{o}dinger equation for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator with $alpha=1$.
We consider the evolution of a quantum particle hopping on a cubic lattice in any dimension and subject to a potential consisting of a periodic part and a random part that fluctuates stochastically in time. If the random potential evolves according to a stationary Markov process, we obtain diffusive scaling for moments of the position displacement, with a diffusion constant that grows as the inverse square of the disorder strength at weak coupling. More generally, we show that a central limit theorem holds such that the square amplitude of the wave packet converges, after diffusive rescaling, to a solution of a heat equation.
In this paper we consider $L^p$ boundedness of some commutators of Riesz transforms associated to Schr{o}dinger operator $P=-Delta+V(x)$ on $mathbb{R}^n, ngeq 3$. We assume that $V(x)$ is non-zero, nonnegative, and belongs to $B_q$ for some $q geq n/2$. Let $T_1=(-Delta+V)^{-1}V, T_2=(-Delta+V)^{-1/2}V^{1/2}$ and $T_3=(-Delta+V)^{-1/2} abla$. We obtain that $[b,T_j] (j=1,2,3)$ are bounded operators on $L^p(mathbb{R}^n)$ when $p$ ranges in a interval, where $b in mathbf{BMO}(mathbb{R}^n)$. Note that the kernel of $T_j (j=1,2,3)$ has no smoothness.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the controllability of a Schrodinger equation involving the sub-Laplacian of a nilmanifold obtained by taking the quotient of a group of Heisenberg type by one of its discrete sub-groups.This class of nilpotent Lie groups is a major example of stratified Lie groups of step 2. The sub-Laplacian involved in these Schrodinger equations is subelliptic, and, contrarily to what happens for the usual elliptic Schrodinger equation for example on flat tori or on negatively curved manifolds, there exists a minimal time of controllability. The main tools used in the proofs are (operator-valued) semi-classical measures constructed by use of representation theory and a notion of semi-classical wave packets that we introduce here in the context of groups of Heisenberg type.
In this survey paper, we report on recent works concerning exact observability (and, by duality, exact controllability) properties of subelliptic wave and Schr{o}dinger-type equations. These results illustrate the slowdown of propagation in directions transverse to the horizontal distribution. The proofs combine sub-Riemannian geometry, semi-classical analysis, spectral theory and non-commutative harmonic analysis.
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