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Top quark is extremely sensitive to non-standard CP violating phases. General strategies for exposing different types of phases at the NLC are outlined. SUSY phase(s) cause PRA in $tto Wb$. The transverse polarization of the $tau$ in the reaction $tto btau u$ is extremely sensitive to a phase from the charged Higgs sector. Phase(s) from the neutral Higgs sector cause appreciable dipole moment effects and lead to sizable asymmetries in $e^+e^-to tbar tH^0$ and $e^+e^-to tbar t u_ebar u_e$.}]
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We discuss the prospects - within several models - for the observation of CP-violation (CPV) in top decays and production. The outlook looks best for t -> bW at the LHC (MSSM CPV), t -> b tau u_tau at TeV3, LHC and NLC (H^+ CPV), p p-bar -> t b-bar + X at TeV3 (MSSM CPV), p p -> t t-bar + X at the LHC (MSSM CPV and neutral Higgs CPV) and for e^+ e^- -> t t-bar h, t t-bar Z, where h is the lowest mass neutral Higgs boson, at an NLC with energy geq 1 TeV (neutral Higgs CPV).
After listing basic properties of the Standard Model (SM) that play the crucial role in the field of flavour and CP violation, we discuss the following topics: 1) CKM matrix and the unitarity triangle. 2) Theoretical framework in a non-technical manner, classifying various extentions of the SM. 3) Particle-Antiparticle mixing and various types of CP violation. 4) Standard analysis of the unitarity triangle. 5) Strategies for the determination of the angles alpha, beta and gamma in non-leptonic B decays. 6) The rare decays K^+ -> pi^+ nu bar nu and K_L -> pi^0 nu bar nu 7) Models with minimal flavour violation (MFV). 8) Models with new complex phases, addressing in particular possible signals of new physics in the B -> pi K data and their implications for rare K and B decays. A personal shopping list for the rest of this decade closes these lectures.
We discuss the formalism of two Higgs doublet model type III with CP violation from CP-even CP-odd mixing in the neutral Higgs bosons. The flavor changing interactions among neutral Higgs bosons and fermions are presented at tree level in this type of model. These assumptions allow the study rare top decays mediated by neutral Higgs bosons, particularly we are interested in $trightarrow c l^+l^-$. For this process we estimated upper bounds of the branching ratios $textrm{Br}(trightarrow c tau^+tau^-)$ of the order of $10^{-9}sim 10^{-7}$ for a neutral Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV and $tanbeta=1$, 1.5, 2, 2.5. For the case of $trightarrow c tau^+tau^-$ the number of possible events is estimated from 1 to 10 events which could be observed in future experiments at LHC with a luminosity of 300 $textrm{fb}^{-1}$ and 14 GeV for the energy of the center of mass. Also we estimate that the number of events for the process $trightarrow c l^+l^-$ in different scenarios is of order of $2500$.
We present the invited lectures given at the Third IDPASC School which took place in Santiago de Compostela in January 2013. The students attending the school had very different backgrounds, some of them were doing their Ph.D. in experimental particle physics, others in theory. As a result, and in order to make the lectures useful for most of the students, we focused on basic topics of broad interest, avoiding the more technical aspects of Flavour Physics and CP Violation. We make a brief review of the Standard Model, paying special attention to the generation of fermion masses and mixing, as well as to CP violation. We describe some of the simplest extensions of the SM, emphasising novel flavour aspects which arise in their framework.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is expected to provide proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, yielding millions of of top quark events. The top-physics potential of the two general purpose experiments, ATLAS and CMS, is discussed according to state-of-the-art simulation of both physics and detectors. An overview is given of the most important results with emphasis on the expected improvements in our understanding of physics connected to the top quark.
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