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Latest measurements have revealed that the deviation from a maximal solar mixing angle is approximately the Cabibbo angle, i.e. QLC relation. We argue that it is not plausible that this deviation from maximality, be it a coincidence or not, comes from the charged lepton mixing. Consequently we have calculated the required corrections to the exactly bimaximal neutrino mass matrix ansatz necessary to account for the solar mass difference and the solar mixing angle. We point out that the relative size of these two corrections depends strongly on the hierarchy case under consideration. We find that the inverted hierarchy case with opposite CP parities, which is known to guarantee the RGE stability of the solar mixing angle, offers the most plausible scenario for a high energy origin of a QLC-corrected bimaximal neutrino mass matrix. This possibility may allow us to explain the QLC relation in connection with the origin of the charged fermion mass matrices.
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The proposed PINGU project (Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade) is expected to collect O(10^5) atmospheric muon and electron neutrino in a few years of exposure, and to probe the neutrino mass hierarchy through its imprint on the event spectra in energy and direction. In the presence of nonnegligible and partly unknown shape systematics, the analysis of high-statistics spectral variations will face subtle challenges that are largely unprecedented in neutrino physics. We discuss these issues both on general grounds and in the currently envisaged PINGU configuration, where we find that possible shape uncertainties at the (few) percent level can noticeably affect the sensitivity to the hierarchy. We also discuss the interplay between the mixing angle theta_23 and the PINGU sensitivity to the hierarchy. Our results suggest that more refined estimates of spectral uncertainties are needed in next-generation, large-volume atmospheric neutrino experiments.
In flat spacetime, the vacuum neutrino flavour oscillations are known to be sensitive only to the difference between the squared masses, and not to the individual masses, of neutrinos. In this work, we show that the lensing of neutrinos induced by a gravitational source substantially modifies this standard picture and it gives rise to a novel contribution through which the oscillation probabilities also depend on the individual neutrino masses. A gravitating mass located between a source and a detector deflects the neutrinos in their journey, and at a detection point, neutrinos arriving through different paths can lead to the phenomenon of interference. The flavour transition probabilities computed in the presence of such interference depend on the individual masses of neutrinos whenever there is a non-zero path difference between the interfering neutrinos. We demonstrate this explicitly by considering an example of weak lensing induced by a Schwarzschild mass. Through the simplest two flavour case, we show that the oscillation probability in the presence of lensing is sensitive to the sign of $Delta m^2 = m_2^2 -m_1^2$, for non-maximal mixing between two neutrinos, unlike in the case of standard vacuum oscillation in flat spacetime. Further, the probability itself oscillates with respect to the path difference and the frequency of such oscillations depends on the absolute mass scale $m_1$ or $m_2$. We also give results for realistic three flavour case and discuss various implications of gravitationally modified neutrino oscillations and means of observing them.
We have studied the scenario of baryogenesis via leptogenesis in an $A_4$ flavor symmetric framework considering type I seesaw as the origin of neutrino mass. Because of the presence of the fifth generation right handed neutrino the model naturally generates non-zero reactor mixing angle. We have considered two vev alignments for the extra flavon $eta$ and studied the consequences in detail. As a whole the additional flavon along with the extra right handed neutrinos allow us to study thermal leptogenesis by the decay of the lightest right handed neutrino present in the model. We have computed the matter-antimatter asymmetry for both flavor dependent and flavor independent leptogenesis by considering a considerably wider range of right handed neutrino mass. Finally, we correlate the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) with the model parameters and light neutrino masses.
We review how a high-statistics observation of the neutrino signal from a future galactic core-collapse supernova (SN) may be used to discriminate between different neutrino mixing scenarios. Most SN neutrinos are emitted in the accretion and cooling phase, during which the flavor-dependent differences of the emitted neutrino spectra are small and rather uncertain. Therefore the discrimination between neutrino mixing scenarios using these neutrinos should rely on observables independent of the SN neutrino spectra. We discuss two complementary methods that allow for the positive identification of the mass hierarchy without knowledge of the emitted neutrino fluxes, provided that the 13-mixing angle is large, $sin^2theta_{13}gg 10^{-5}$. These two approaches are the observation of modulations in the neutrino spectra by Earth matter effects or by the passage of shock waves through the SN envelope. If the value of the 13-mixing angle is unknown, using additionally the information encoded in the prompt neutronization $ u_e$ burst--a robust feature found in all modern SN simulations--can be sufficient to fix both the neutrino hierarchy and to decide whether $theta_{13}$ is ``small or ``large.
Supersymmetric SU(5) GUT augmented with anomaly free U(1)_F flavor symmetry is presented. Very economical field content and U(1)_F charge assignment are obtained by specific construction. In particular, three families of 10+5* chiral matter, along the SU(5) singlet states (some of which serve as right handed neutrinos) are obtained. Appealing texture zero Yukawa matrices provide natural understanding of hierarchies between charged fermion masses and mixings. The model predicts inverted hierarchical neutrino mass scenario with interesting implications.
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