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Register a new userMeasurement of the flux of atmospheric muons with the CAPRICE94 apparatus
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WiZard/CAPRICE Collaboration
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A new measurement of the momentum spectra of both positive and negative muons as function of atmospheric depth was made by the balloon-borne experiment CAPRICE94. The data were collected during ground runs in Lynn Lake on the 19-20th of July 1994 and during the balloon flight on the 8-9th of August 1994. We present results that cover the momentum intervals 0.3-40 GeV/c for negative muons and 0.3-2 GeV/c for positive muons, for atmospheric depths from 3.3 to 1000 g/cm**2, respectively. Good agreement is found with previous measurements for high momenta, while at momenta below 1 GeV/c we find latitude dependent geomagnetic effects. These measurements are important cross-checks for the simulations carried out to calculate the atmospheric neutrino fluxes and to understand the observed atmospheric neutrino anomaly.
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This paper describes a new measurement of the flux ratio of positive and negative muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern. The excellent performance of the CMS detector allowed detection of muons in the momentum range from 3 GeV to 1 TeV. For muon momenta below 100 GeV the flux ratio is measured to be a constant $1.2766 pm 0.0032(stat) pm 0.0032(syst)$, the most precise measurement to date. At higher momenta an increase in the charge asymmetry is observed, in agreement with models of muon production in cosmic-ray showers and compatible with previous measurements by deep-underground experiments.
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The OPERA detector at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) was used to measure the atmospheric muon charge ratio in the TeV energy region. We analyzed 403069 atmospheric muons corresponding to 113.4 days of livetime during the 2008 CNGS run. We computed separately the muon charge ratio for single and for multiple muon events in order to select different energy regions of the primary cosmic ray spectrum and to test the charge ratio dependence on the primary composition. The measured charge ratio values were corrected taking into account the charge-misidentification errors. Data have also been grouped in five bins of the vertical surface energy. A fit to a simplified model of muon production in the atmosphere allowed the determination of the pion and kaon charge ratios weighted by the cosmic ray energy spectrum.
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