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Register a new userMeasurement of the Atmospheric $ u_e$ flux in IceCube
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We report the first measurement of the atmospheric electron neutrino flux in the energy range between approximately 80 GeV and 6 TeV, using data recorded during the first year of operation of IceCubes DeepCore low energy extension. Techniques to identify neutrinos interacting within the DeepCore volume and veto muons originating outside the detector are demonstrated. A sample of 1029 events is observed in 281 days of data, of which 496 $pm$ 66(stat.) $pm$ 88(syst.) are estimated to be cascade events, including both electron neutrino and neutral current events. The rest of the sample includes residual backgrounds due to atmospheric muons and charged current interactions of atmospheric muon neutrinos. The flux of the atmospheric electron neutrinos is consistent with models of atmospheric neutrinos in this energy range. This constitutes the first observation of electron neutrinos and neutral current interactions in a very large volume neutrino telescope optimized for the TeV energy range.
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We present a measurement of the atmospheric $ u_e$ spectrum at energies between 0.1 TeV and 100 TeV using data from the first year of the complete IceCube detector. Atmospheric $ u_e$ originate mainly from the decays of kaons produced in cosmic-ray air showers. This analysis selects 1078 fully contained events in 332 days of livetime, then identifies those consistent with particle showers. A likelihood analysis with improved event selection extends our previous measurement of the conventional $ u_e$ fluxes to higher energies. The data constrain the conventional $ u_e$ flux to be $1.3^{+0.4}_{-0.3}$ times a baseline prediction from a Hondas calculation, including the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum. A fit to the kaon contribution ($xi$) to the neutrino flux finds a kaon component that is $xi =1.3^{+0.5}_{-0.4}$ times the baseline value. The fitted/measured prompt neutrino flux from charmed hadron decays strongly depends on the assumed astrophysical flux and shape. If the astrophysical component follows a power law, the result for the prompt flux is $0.0^{+3.0}_{-0.0}$ times a calculated flux based on the work by Enberg, Reno and Sarcevic.
This letter presents a combined measurement of the energy spectra of atmospheric $ u_e$ and $ u_mu$ in the energy range between $sim$100 GeV and $sim$50 TeV with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The analysis uses 3012 days of detector livetime in the period 2007--2017, and selects 1016 neutrinos interacting in (or close to) the instrumented volume of the detector, yielding shower-like events (mainly from $ u_e+overline u_e$ charged current plus all neutrino neutral current interactions) and starting track events (mainly from $ u_mu + overline u_mu$ charged current interactions). The contamination by atmospheric muons in the final sample is suppressed at the level of a few per mill by different steps in the selection analysis, including a Boosted Decision Tree classifier. The distribution of reconstructed events is unfolded in terms of electron and muon neutrino fluxes. The derived energy spectra are compared with previous measurements that, above 100 GeV, are limited to experiments in polar ice and, for $ u_mu$, to Super-Kamiokande.
From an exposure of 25.5~kiloton-years of the Super-Kamiokande detector, 900 muon-like and 983 electron-like single-ring atmospheric neutrino interactions were detected with momentum $p_e > 100$ MeV/$c$, $p_mu > 200$ MeV/$c$, and with visible energy less than 1.33 GeV. Using a detailed Monte Carlo simulation, the ratio $(mu/e)_{DATA}/(mu/e)_{MC}$ was measured to be $0.61 pm 0.03(stat.) pm 0.05(sys.)$, consistent with previous results from the Kamiokande, IMB and Soudan-2 experiments, and smaller than expected from theoretical models of atmospheric neutrino production.
We present a measurement of atmospheric tau neutrino appearance from oscillations with three years of data from the DeepCore sub-array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. This analysis uses atmospheric neutrinos from the full sky with reconstructed energies between 5.6 GeV and 56 GeV to search for a statistical excess of cascade-like neutrino events which are the signature of nutau interactions. For CC+NC (CC-only) interactions, we measure the tau neutrino normalization to be 0.73 +0.30 -0.24 (0.57 +0.36 -0.30) and exclude the absence of tau neutrino oscillations at a significance of 3.2 sigma (2.0 sigma) These results are consistent with, and of similar precision to, a confirmatory IceCube analysis also presented, as well as measurements performed by other experiments.
A new measurement of the momentum spectra of both positive and negative muons as function of atmospheric depth was made by the balloon-borne experiment CAPRICE94. The data were collected during ground runs in Lynn Lake on the 19-20th of July 1994 and during the balloon flight on the 8-9th of August 1994. We present results that cover the momentum intervals 0.3-40 GeV/c for negative muons and 0.3-2 GeV/c for positive muons, for atmospheric depths from 3.3 to 1000 g/cm**2, respectively. Good agreement is found with previous measurements for high momenta, while at momenta below 1 GeV/c we find latitude dependent geomagnetic effects. These measurements are important cross-checks for the simulations carried out to calculate the atmospheric neutrino fluxes and to understand the observed atmospheric neutrino anomaly.
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