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Register a new userAutomatic non-invasive Cough Detection based on Accelerometer and Audio Signals
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Added by
Madhurananda Pahar
Publication date
2021
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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We present an automatic non-invasive way of detecting cough events based on both accelerometer and audio signals. The acceleration signals are captured by a smartphone firmly attached to the patients bed, using its integrated accelerometer. The audio signals are captured simultaneously by the same smartphone using an external microphone. We have compiled a manually-annotated dataset containing such simultaneously-captured acceleration and audio signals for approximately 6000 cough and 68000 non-cough events from 14 adult male patients in a tuberculosis clinic. LR, SVM and MLP are evaluated as baseline classifiers and compared with deep architectures such as CNN, LSTM, and Resnet50 using a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme. We find that the studied classifiers can use either acceleration or audio signals to distinguish between coughing and other activities including sneezing, throat-clearing, and movement on the bed with high accuracy. However, in all cases, the deep neural networks outperform the shallow classifiers by a clear margin and the Resnet50 offers the best performance by achieving an AUC exceeding 0.98 and 0.99 for acceleration and audio signals respectively. While audio-based classification consistently offers a better performance than acceleration-based classification, we observe that the difference is very small for the best systems. Since the acceleration signal requires less processing power, and since the need to record audio is sidestepped and thus privacy is inherently secured, and since the recording device is attached to the bed and not worn, an accelerometer-based highly accurate non-invasive cough detector may represent a more convenient and readily accepted method in long-term cough monitoring.
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Cough is a common symptom of respiratory and lung diseases. Cough detection is important to prevent, assess and control epidemic, such as COVID-19. This paper proposes a model to detect cough events from cough audio signals. The models are trained by the dataset combined ESC-50 dataset with self-recorded cough recordings. The test dataset contains inpatient cough recordings collected from inpatients of the respiratory disease department in Ruijin Hospital. We totally build 15 cough detection models based on different feature numbers selected by Random Frog, Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE), and Variable influence on projection (VIP) algorithms respectively. The optimal model is based on 20 features selected from Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) features by UVE algorithm and classified with Support Vector Machine (SVM) linear two-class classifier. The best cough detection model realizes the accuracy, recall, precision and F1-score with 94.9%, 97.1%, 93.1% and 0.95 respectively. Its excellent performance with fewer dimensionality of the feature vector shows the potential of being applied to mobile devices, such as smartphones, thus making cough detection remote and non-contact.
Cough is one of the most common symptoms in all respiratory diseases. In cases like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Asthma, acute and chronic Bronchitis and the recent pandemic Covid-19, the early identification of cough is important to provide healthcare professionals with useful clinical information such as frequency, severity, and nature of cough to enable better diagnosis. This paper presents and demonstrates best feature selection using MFCC which can help to determine cough events, eventually helping a neural network to learn and improve accuracy of cough detection. The paper proposes to achieve performance of 97.77% Sensitivity (SE), 98.75% Specificity (SP) and 98.17% F1-score with a very light binary classification network of size close to 16K parameters, enabling fitment into smart IoT devices.
We have performed cough detection based on measurements from an accelerometer attached to the patients bed. This form of monitoring is less intrusive than body-attached accelerometer sensors, and sidesteps privacy concerns encountered when using audio for cough detection. For our experiments, we have compiled a manually-annotated dataset containing the acceleration signals of approximately 6000 cough and 68000 non-cough events from 14 adult male patients in a tuberculosis clinic. As classifiers, we have considered convolutional neural networks (CNN), long-short-term-memory (LSTM) networks, and a residual neural network (Resnet50). We find that all classifiers are able to distinguish between the acceleration signals due to coughing and those due to other activities including sneezing, throat-clearing and movement in the bed with high accuracy. The Resnet50 performs the best, achieving an area under the ROC curve (AUC) exceeding 0.98 in cross-validation experiments. We conclude that high-accuracy cough monitoring based only on measurements from the accelerometer in a consumer smartphone is possible. Since the need to gather audio is avoided and therefore privacy is inherently protected, and since the accelerometer is attached to the bed and not worn, this form of monitoring may represent a more convenient and readily accepted method of long-term patient cough monitoring.
Biometric systems are nowadays employed across a broad range of applications. They provide high security and efficiency and, in many cases, are user friendly. Despite these and other advantages, biometric systems in general and Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems in particular can be vulnerable to attack presentations. The most recent ASVSpoof 2019 competition showed that most forms of attacks can be detected reliably with ensemble classifier-based presentation attack detection (PAD) approaches. These, though, depend fundamentally upon the complementarity of systems in the ensemble. With the motivation to increase the generalisability of PAD solutions, this paper reports our exploration of texture descriptors applied to the analysis of speech spectrogram images. In particular, we propose a common fisher vector feature space based on a generative model. Experimental results show the soundness of our approach: at most, 16 in 100 bona fide presentations are rejected whereas only one in 100 attack presentations are accepted.
Cough is a major symptom of respiratory-related diseases. There exists a tremendous amount of work in detecting coughs from audio but there has been no effort to identify coughs from solely inertial measurement unit (IMU). Coughing causes motion across the whole body and especially on the neck and head. Therefore, head motion data during coughing captured by a head-worn IMU sensor could be leveraged to detect coughs using a template matching algorithm. In time series template matching problems, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) combined with elastic distance measurement (esp. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)) achieves outstanding performance. However, it is often regarded as prohibitively time-consuming. Nearest Centroid Classifier is thereafter proposed. But the accuracy is comprised of only one centroid obtained for each class. Centroid-based Classifier performs clustering and averaging for each cluster, but requires manually setting the number of clusters. We propose a novel self-tuning multi-centroid template-matching algorithm, which can automatically adjust the number of clusters to balance accuracy and inference time. Through experiments conducted on synthetic datasets and a real-world earbud-based cough dataset, we demonstrate the superiority of our proposed algorithm and present the result of cough detection with a single accelerometer sensor on the earbuds platform.
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