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Register a new userChallenging the cosmic censorship in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory with numerically simulated gedankenexperiments
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We perform extensive nonlinear numerical simulations of the spherical collapse of (charged) wavepackets onto a charged black hole within Einstein-Maxwell theory and in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory featuring nonminimal couplings and a spontaneous scalarization mechanism. We confirm that black holes in full-fledged Einstein-Maxwell theory cannot be overcharged past extremality and no naked singularities form, in agreement with the cosmic censorship conjecture. We show that naked singularities do not form even in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory, although it is possible to form scalarized black holes with charge above the Reissner-Nordstrom bound. We argue that charge and mass extraction due to superradiance at fully nonlinear level is crucial to bound the charge-to-mass ratio of the final black hole below extremality. We also discuss some descalarization mechanisms for scalarized black holes induced either by superradiance or by absorption of an opposite-charged wavepacket; in all cases the final state after descalarization is a subextremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole.
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Exact black hole solutions in the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory are constructed. They are the extensions of dilaton black holes in de Sitter or anti de Sitter universe. As a result, except for a scalar potential, a coupling function between the scalar field and the Maxwell invariant is present. Then the corresponding Smarr formula and the first law of thermodynamics are investigated.
It has been shown that the Christodoulou version of the Strong Cosmic Censorship (SCC) conjecture can be violated for a scalar field in a near-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter black hole. In this paper, we investigate the effects of higher derivative corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action on the validity of SCC, by considering a neutral massless scalar perturbation in 5- and 6-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet-de Sitter black holes. Our numerical results exhibit that the higher derivative term plays a different role in the d = 5 case than it does in the d = 6 case. For d = 5, the SCC violation region increases as the strength of the higher derivative term increases. For d = 6, the SCC violation region first increases and then decreases as the higher derivative correction becomes stronger, and SCC can always be restored for a black hole with a fixed charge ratio when the higher derivative correction is strong enough. Finally, we find that the C2 version of SCC is respected in the d = 6 case, but can be violated in some near-extremal regime in the d = 5 case.
The strong cosmic censorship hypothesis has recently regained a lot of attention in charged and rotating black holes immersed in de Sitter space. Although the picture seems to be clearly leaning towards the validity of the hypothesis in Kerr-de Sitter geometries, Reissner-Nordstr{o}m-de Sitter black holes appear to be serious counter-examples. Here, we perform another test to the hypothesis by using a scalar field perturbation non-minimally coupled to the Einstein tensor propagating on Reissner-Nordstr{o}m-de Sitter spacetimes. Such non-minimal derivative coupling is characteristic of Horndeski scalar-tensor theories. Although the introduction of higher-order derivative couplings in the energy-momentum tensor increases the regularity requirements for the existence of weak solutions beyond the Cauchy horizon, we are still able to find a small finite region in the black holes parameter space where strong cosmic censorship is violated.
In this paper, we discuss about the possibility to enhance the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ under the condition of Trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (TCC), thus $rsim O(10^{-3})$ could be observable within the sensitivity of future experiments. We make use of the scalar-tensor theory where inflaton is nonminimally coupled to gravity. After demonstrating that the TCC condition could be modified in scalar-tensor theory, we show that due to the effects of modified gravity at the end of inflation, a large $rsim O(10^{-3})$ could be allowed without violating the TCC. Moreover, the modification can give rise to a weak coupling of gravity to the inflation field. If such an effect has been present as early as inflation starts, it would imply that in our case, the Universe might have experienced an asymptotically safe period at its early time.
We construct a specific example of a class of traversable wormholes in Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell theory in four spacetime dimensions, without needing any form of exotic matter. Restricting to a model with two massive fermions in a singlet spinor state, we show the existence of spherically symmetric asymptotically flat configurations which are free of singularities, representing localized states. These solutions satisfy a generalized Smarr relation, being connected with the extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes. They also possess a finite mass $M$ and electric charge $Q_e$, with $Q_e/M>1$. An exact wormhole solution with ungauged, massless fermions is also reported.
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