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This paper is concerned with the question of whether geometric structures such as cell complexes can be used to simultaneously describe the minimal free resolutions of all powers of a monomial ideal. We provide a full answer in the case of square-free monomial ideals of projective dimension one, by introducing a combinatorial construction of a family of (cubical) cell complexes whose 1-skeletons are powers of a graph that supports the resolution of the ideal.
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Let $A = K[X_1,ldots, X_d]$ and let $I$, $J$ be monomial ideals in $A$. Let $I_n(J) = (I^n colon J^infty)$ be the $n^{th}$ symbolic power of $I$ wrt $J$. It is easy to see that the function $f^I_J(n) = e_0(I_n(J)/I^n)$ is of quasi-polynomial type, say of period $g$ and degree $c$. For $n gg 0$ say [ f^I_J(n) = a_c(n)n^c + a_{c-1}(n)n^{c-1} + text{lower terms}, ] where for $i = 0, ldots, c$, $a_i colon mathbb{N} rt mathbb{Z}$ are periodic functions of period $g$ and $a_c eq 0$. In an earlier paper we (together with Herzog and Verma) proved that $dim I_n(J)/I^n$ is constant for $n gg 0$ and $a_c(-)$ is a constant. In this paper we prove that if $I$ is generated by some elements of the same degree and height $I geq 2$ then $a_{c-1}(-)$ is also a constant.
Let $S=K[x_1,ldots,x_n]$ be the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over a field $K$ and $Isubset S$ a squarefree monomial ideal. In the present paper we are interested in the monomials $u in S$ belonging to the socle $Soc(S/I^{k})$ of $S/I^{k}$, i.e., $u otin I^{k}$ and $ux_{i} in I^{k}$ for $1 leq i leq n$. We prove that if a monomial $x_1^{a_1}cdots x_n^{a_n}$ belongs to $Soc(S/I^{k})$, then $a_ileq k-1$ for all $1 leq i leq n$. We then discuss squarefree monomial ideals $I subset S$ for which $x_{[n]}^{k-1} in Soc(S/I^{k})$, where $x_{[n]} = x_{1}x_{2}cdots x_{n}$. Furthermore, we give a combinatorial characterization of finite graphs $G$ on $[n] = {1, ldots, n}$ for which $depth S/(I_{G})^{2}=0$, where $I_{G}$ is the edge ideal of $G$.
We investigate the rational powers of ideals. We find that in the case of monomial ideals, the canonical indexing leads to a characterization of the rational powers yielding that symbolic powers of squarefree monomial ideals are indeed rational powers themselves. Using the connection with symbolic powers techniques, we use splittings to show the convergence of depths and normalized Castelnuovo-Mumford regularities. We show the convergence of Stanley depths for rational powers, and as a consequence of this we show the before-now unknown convergence of Stanley depths of integral closure powers. In addition, we show the finiteness of asymptotic associated primes, and we find that the normalized lengths of local cohomology modules converge for rational powers, and hence for symbolic powers of squarefree monomial ideals.
This paper studies the numbers of minimal generators of powers of monomial ideals in polynomial rings. For a monomial ideal $I$ in two variables, Eliahou, Herzog, and Saem gave a sharp lower bound $mu (I^2)ge 9$ for the number of minimal generators of $I^2$ with $mu(I)geq 6$. Recently, Gasanova constructed monomial ideals such that $mu(I)>mu(I^n)$ for any positive integer $n$. In reference to them, we construct a certain class of monomial ideals such that $mu(I)>mu(I^2)>cdots >mu(I^n)=(n+1)^2$ for any positive integer $n$, which provides one of the most unexpected behaviors of the function $mu(I^k)$. The monomial ideals also give a peculiar example such that the Cohen-Macaulay type (or the index of irreducibility) of $R/I^n$ descends.
Given an ideal $I=(f_1,ldots,f_r)$ in $mathbb C[x_1,ldots,x_n]$ generated by forms of degree $d$, and an integer $k>1$, how large can the ideal $I^k$ be, i.e., how small can the Hilbert function of $mathbb C[x_1,ldots,x_n]/I^k$ be? If $rle n$ the smallest Hilbert function is achieved by any complete intersection, but for $r>n$, the question is in general very hard to answer. We study the problem for $r=n+1$, where the result is known for $k=1$. We also study a closely related problem, the Weak Lefschetz property, for $S/I^k$, where $I$ is the ideal generated by the $d$th powers of the variables.
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