No Arabic abstract
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have been deemed as one of potential components of future wireless communication systems because they can adaptively manipulate the wireless propagation environment with low-cost passive devices. However, due to double fading effect, the passive RIS can offer sufficient signal strength only when receivers are nearby and located at the same side as the incident signals. Moreover, RIS cannot provide service coverage for the users at the back side of it. In this paper we introduce a novel reflection and relay dual-functional RIS architecture, which can simultaneously realize passive reflection and active relay functionalities to enhance the coverage. The problem of joint transmit beamforming and dual-functional RIS design is investigated to maximize the achievable sum-rate of a multiuser multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) system. Based on fractional programming (FP) theory and majorization-minimization (MM) technique, we propose an efficient iterative transmit beamforming and RIS design algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the introduced dual-functional RIS architecture and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
We study a multiple-input single-output (MISO) communication system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). A base station (BS) having multiple antennas is assumed to be communicating to a single-antenna user equipment (UE), with the help of a RIS. We assume that the system operates in an environment with line-of-sight (LoS) between the BS and RIS, whereas the RIS-UE link experiences Rayleigh fading. We present a closed form expression for the optimal active and passive beamforming vectors at the BS and RIS respectively. Then, by characterizing the statistical properties of the received SNR at the UE, we apply them to derive analytical approximations for different system performance measures, including the outage probability, average achievable rate and average symbol error probability (SEP). Our results, in general, demonstrate that the gain due to RIS can be substantial, and can be significantly greater than the gains reaped by using multiple BS antennas.
Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is considered as an enabling technology for future wireless communication systems since it can intelligently change the wireless environment to improve the communication performance. In this paper, an IRS-enhanced wideband multiuser multi-input single-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MU-MISO-OFDM) system is investigated. We aim to jointly design the transmit beamformer and the reflection of IRS to maximize the average sum-rate over all subcarriers. With the aid of the relationship between sum-rate maximization and mean square error (MSE) minimization, an efficient joint beamformer and IRS design algorithm is developed. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithm can offer significant average sum-rate enhancement, which confirms the effectiveness of the use of the IRS for wideband wireless communication systems.
This paper investigates the uplink cascaded channel estimation for intelligent-reflecting-surface (IRS)-assisted multi-user multiple-input-single-output systems. We focus on a sub-6 GHz scenario where the channel propagation is not sparse and the number of IRS elements can be larger than the number of BS antennas. A novel channel estimation protocol without the need of on-off amplitude control to avoid the reflection power loss is proposed. In addition, the pilot overhead is substantially reduced by exploiting the common-link structure to decompose the cascaded channel coefficients by the multiplication of the common-link variables and the user-specific variables. However, these two types of variables are highly coupled, which makes them difficult to estimate. To address this issue, we formulate an optimization-based joint channel estimation problem, which only utilizes the covariance of the cascaded channel. Then, we design a low-complexity alternating optimization algorithm with efficient initialization for the non-convex optimization problem, which achieves a local optimum solution. To further enhance the estimation accuracy, we propose a new formulation to optimize the training phase shifting configuration for the proposed protocol, and then solve it using the successive convex approximation algorithm. Comprehensive simulations verify that the proposed algorithm has supreme performance compared to various state-of-the-art baseline schemes.
Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have emerged as a revolutionary solution to enhance wireless communications by changing propagation environment in a cost-effective and hardware-efficient fashion. In addition, symbol-level precoding (SLP) has attracted considerable attention recently due to its advantages in converting multiuser interference (MUI) into useful signal energy. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the employment of IRS in symbol-level precoding systems to exploit MUI in a more effective way by manipulating the multiuser channels. In this paper, we focus on joint symbol-level precoding and reflecting designs in IRS-enhanced multiuser multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) systems. Both power minimization and quality-of-service (QoS) balancing problems are considered. In order to solve the joint optimization problems, we develop an efficient iterative algorithm to decompose them into separate symbol-level precoding and block-level reflecting design problems. An efficient gradient-projection-based algorithm is utilized to design the symbol-level precoding and a Riemannian conjugate gradient (RCG)-based algorithm is employed to solve the reflecting design problem. Simulation results demonstrate the significant performance improvement introduced by the IRS and illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms.
In this work, we consider both channel estimation and reflection design problems in point-to-point reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO communication systems. First, we show that by exploiting the low-rank nature of mmWave MIMO channels, the received training signals can be written as a low-rank multi-way tensor admitting a canonical polyadic CP decomposition. Utilizing such a structure, a tensor-based RIS channel estimation method (termed TenRICE) is proposed, wherein the tensor factor matrices are estimated using an alternating least squares method. Using TenRICE, the transmitter-to-RIS and the RIS-to-receiver channels are efficiently and separately estimated, up to a trivial scaling factor. After that, we formulate the beamforming and RIS reflection design as a spectral efficiency maximization problem. Due to its non-convexity, we propose a heuristic non-iterative two-step method, where the RIS reflection vector is obtained in a closed form using a Frobenius-norm maximization (FroMax) strategy. Our numerical results show that TenRICE has a superior performance, compared to benchmark methods, approaching the Cramer-Rao lower bound with a low training overhead. Moreover, we show that FroMax achieves a comparable performance to benchmark methods with a lower complexity.