No Arabic abstract
Time-delay signature (TDS) suppression of semiconductor lasers with external optical feedback is necessary to ensure the security of chaos-based secure communications. Here we numerically and experimentally demonstrate a technique to effectively suppress the TDS of chaotic lasers using quantum noise. The TDS and dynamical complexity are quantified using the autocorrelation function and normalized permutation entropy at the feedback delay time, respectively. Quantum noise from quadrature fluctuations of vacuum state is prepared through balanced homodyne measurement. The effects of strength and bandwidth of quantum noise on chaotic TDS suppression and complexity enhancement are investigated numerically and experimentally. Compared to the original dynamics, the TDS of this quantum-noise improved chaos is suppressed up to 94% and the bandwidth suppression ratio of quantum noise to chaotic laser is 1:25. The experiment agrees well with the theory. The improved chaotic laser is potentially beneficial to chaos-based random number generation and secure communication.
By frequency-band extracting, we experimentally and theoretically investigate time-delay signature (TDS) suppression and entropy growth enhancement of a chaotic optical-feedback semiconductor laser under different injection currents and feedback strengths. The TDS and entropy growth are quantified by the peak value of autocorrelation function and the difference of permutation entropy at the feedback delay time. At the optimal extracting bandwidth, the measured TDS is suppressed up to 96% compared to the original chaos, and the entropy growth is higher than the noise-dominated threshold indicating that the dynamical process is noisy. The effects of extracting bandwidth and radio frequencies on the TDS and entropy growth are also clarified experimentally and theoretically. The experimental results are in good agreements with the theoretical results. The skewness of the laser intensity distribution is effectively improved to 0.001 with the optimal extracting bandwidth. This technique provides a promising tool to extract randomness and prepare desired entropy sources for chaotic secure communication and random number generation.
We study a dissipative quantum mechanical model of the projective measurement of a qubit. We demonstrate how a correspondence limit, damped quantum oscillator can realise chaotic-like or periodic trajectories that emerge in sympathy with the projection of the qubit state, providing a model of the measurement process.
The second order photon correlation g^(2)(tau) of a chaotic optical-feedback semiconductor laser is precisely measured using a Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometer. The accurate g^(2)(tau) with non-zero delay time is obtained experimentally from the photon pair time interval distribution through a ninth-order self-convolution correction. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis. The relative error of g^(2)(tau) is no more than 0.005 within 50 ns delay time. The bunching effect and coherence time of the chaotic laser are measured via the precise photon correlation technique. This technique provides a new tool to improve the accuracy of g^(2)(tau) measurement and boost applications of quantum statistics and correlation.
We previously showed how the measurements of some eighteen time series of relative frequency or phase shifts could be combined (1) to cancel the phase noise of the lasers, (2) to cancel the Doppler fluctuations due to non-inertial motions of the six optical benches, and (3) to remove the phase noise of the onboard reference oscillators required to track the photodetector fringes, all the while preserving signals from passinggravitational waves. Here we analyze the effect of the additional noise due to the optical modulators used for removing the phase fluctuations of the onboard reference oscillators. We use a recently measured noise spectrum of an individual modulator to quantify the contribution of modulator noise to the first and second-generation Time-Delay Interferometric (TDI) combinations as a function of the modulation frequency. We show that modulator noise can be made smaller than the expected proof-mass acceleration and optical-path noises if the modulation frequencies are larger than $approx 682$ MHz in the case of the unequal-arm Michelson TDI combination $X_1$, $approx 1.08$ GHz for the Sagnac TDI combination $alpha_1$, and $approx 706$ MHz for the symmetrical Sagnac TDI combination $zeta_1$. These modulation frequencies are substantially smaller than previously estimated and may lead to less stringent requirements on the LISAs oscillator noise calibration subsystem.
We investigate the two-point correlations in the band spectra of spatially periodic systems that exhibit chaotic diffusion in the classical limit. By including level pairs pertaining to non-identical quasimomenta, we define form factors with the winding number as a spatial argument. For times smaller than the Heisenberg time, they are related to the full space-time dependence of the classical diffusion propagator. They approach constant asymptotes via a regime, reflecting quantal ballistic motion, where they decay by a factor proportional to the number of unit cells. We derive a universal scaling function for the long-time behaviour. Our results are substantiated by a numerical study of the kicked rotor on a torus and a quasi-one-dimensional billiard chain.