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Register a new userCorrelating Non-Resonant Di-Electron Searches at the LHC to the Cabibbo-Angle Anomaly and Lepton Flavour Universality Violation
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In addition to the existing strong indications for lepton flavour university violation (LFUV) in low energy precision experiments, CMS recently released an analysis of non-resonant di-lepton pairs which could constitute the first sign of LFUV in high-energy LHC searches. In this article we show that the Cabibbo angle anomaly, an (apparent) violation of first row and column CKM unitarity with $approx3,sigma$ significance, and the CMS result can be correlated and commonly explained in a model independent way by the operator $[Q_{ell q}^{(3)}]_{1111} = (bar{ell}_1gamma^{mu}sigma^Iell_1)(bar{q}_1gamma_{mu}sigma^Iq_1)$. This is possible without violating the bounds from the non-resonant di-lepton search of ATLAS (which interestingly also observed slightly more events than expected in the electron channel) nor from $R(pi)=pi tomu u/pi to e u$. We find a combined preference for the new physics hypothesis of $4.5,sigma$ and predict $1.0004<R(pi)<1.0009$ (95%~CL) which can be tested in the near future with the forthcoming results of the PEN experiment.
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The singly charged $SU(2)_L$ singlet scalar, with its necessarily flavour violating couplings to leptons, lends itself particularly well for an explanation of the Cabibbo Angle Anomaly and of hints for lepton flavour universality violation in $tau to mubar u u$. In a setup addressing both anomalies, we predict loop-induced effects in $tauto egamma$ and in $tau to emumu$. A recast of ATLAS selectron and smuon searches allows us to derive a coupling-independent lower limit of $approx 200$ GeV on the mass of the singly charged singlet scalar. At a future $e^+e^-$ collider, dark matter mono-photon searches could provide a complementary set of bounds.
Several experiments observed deviations from the Standard Model (SM) in the flavour sector: LHCb found a $4-5,sigma$ discrepancy compared to the SM in $bto smu^+mu^-$ transitions (recently supported by an Belle analysis) and CMS reported a non-zero measurement of $htomutau$ with a significance of $2.4,sigma$. Furthermore, BELLE, BABAR and LHCb founds hints for the violation of flavour universality in $Bto D^{(*)}tau u$. In addition, there is the long-standing discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Interestingly, all these anomalies are related to muons and taus, while the corresponding electron channels seem to be SM like. This suggests that these deviations from the SM might be correlated and we briefly review some selected models providing simultaneous explanations.
We discuss lepton flavour violating processes induced in the production and decay of heavy right-handed neutrinos at the LHC. Such particles appear in left-right symmetrical extensions of the Standard Model as the messengers of neutrino mass generation, and can have masses at the TeV scale. We determine the expected sensitivity on the right-handed neutrino mixing matrix, as well as on the right-handed gauge boson and heavy neutrino masses. By comparing the sensitivity of the LHC with that of searches for low energy LFV processes, we identify favourable areas of the parameter space to explore the complementarity between LFV at low and high energies.
We study lepton flavour violating decays of neutralinos and sleptons within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, assuming two and three generation mixings in the slepton sector. We take into account the most recent bounds on flavour violating rare lepton decays. Taking the SPS1a scenario as an example, we show that some of the lepton flavour violating branching ratios of neutralinos and sleptons can be sizable (~ 5-10%). We study the impact of the lepton flavour violating neutralino and slepton decays on the di-lepton mass distributions measured at LHC. We find that they can result in novel and characteristic edge structures in the distributions. In particular, double-edge structures can appear in the e tau and mu tau mass spectra if ~tau_1 is the lightest slepton. The appearance of these remarkable structures provides a powerful test of supersymmetric lepton flavour violation at LHC.
We propose a new collider probe for axion-like particles (ALPs), and more generally for pseudo-Goldstone bosons: non-resonant searches which take advantage of the derivative nature of their interactions with Standard Model particles. ALPs can participate as off-shell mediators in the $s$-channel of $2 to 2$ scattering processes at colliders like the LHC. We exemplify the power of this novel type of search by deriving new limits on ALP couplings to gauge bosons via the processes $p p to Z Z$, $p p to gamma gamma$ and $p p to j j$ using Run 2 CMS public data, probing previously unexplored areas of the ALP parameter space. In addition, we propose future non-resonant searches involving the ALP coupling to other electroweak bosons and/or the Higgs particle.
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