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Register a new userThe scalar potential of the 331 model: theoretical constraints
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Authors
Antonio Costantini
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We discuss the main features of the scalar sector of a class of BSM models with enlarged gauge symmetry, the so called 331 Models. The theoretical constraints on the scalar potential such as unitarity, perturbativity and boundedness-from-below, are presented, together with the analytical exact digitalization of the scalar sector. The phenomenology of exotic scenarios predicted by the 331 Models can be tested in light of these theoretical constraints.
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This article reviews the theoretical constraints on the scalar potential of a general extension of the Standard Model that encompasses a $SU(3)_ctimes SU(3)_Ltimes U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry. In this respect, the boundedness-from-below is analysed to identify the correct criteria for obtaining the physical minima of the Higgs parameter space. Furthermore, perturbativity and unitarity bounds are discussed in light of the exact diagonalisation of the scalar fields. This study represents a framework for fast numerical checks on specific $331$ Model benchmarks that are relevant for future collider searches.
We investigate coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering ($CE u NS$) in 3-3-1 models for different values of $beta$ in which $beta$ is a parameter used to define the charge operator of the 331 models. We show that the number of events predicted by 331$beta$ model is in agreement with the data given by COHERENT experiment. We evaluate the sensitivity of the mass of Z boson with 90% confidence level (CL) and find that $m_{Z}geq 1.4 $TeV for $beta=-sqrt{3}$ with 90% CL. We perform $chi^2$ fit for liquid Argon, Germanium and NaI detector subsystems, we obtain $m_{Z} geq [2,3.1 ]$ TeV with 90% CL. Our results indicate low-energy high-intensity measurements can provide a valuable probe, complementary to high energy collider searches at LHC and electroweak precision measurements.
We make use of a simple scalar diquark model to study the potential transverse momentum and potential angular momentum, defined as the difference between the Jaffe-Manohar and Ji notions of transverse momentum and orbital angular momentum, respectively. A non-vanishing potential angular momentum has been previously found in lattice calculations and is believed to appear due to the effects of initial/final state interactions between the spectator system and the struck quark in high energy scattering processes. Such re-scattering phenomena are similar in nature to those who are responsible for generating the Sivers shift. This motivates us to search for an estimate of the potential angular momentum in terms of the expectation value of the transverse momentum of the struck quark.
We perform a detailed analysis of flavour changing neutral current processes in the charm sector in the context of 331 models. As pointed out recently, in the case of $Z^prime$ contributions in these models there are no new free parameters beyond those already present in the $B_{d,s}$ and $K$ meson systems analyzed in the past. As a result, definite ranges for new Physics (NP) effects in various charm observables could be obtained. While generally NP effects turn out to be small, in a number of observables they are much larger than the tiny effects predicted within the Standard Model. In particular we find that the branching ratio of the mode $D^0 to mu^+ mu^-$, despite remaining tiny, can be enhanced by 6 orders of magnitude with respect to the SM. We work out correlations between this mode and rare $B_{d,s}$ and $K$ decays. We also discuss neutral charm meson oscillations and CP violation in the charm system. In particular, we point out that 331 models provide new weak phases that are a necessary condition to have non-vanishing CP asymmetries. In the case of $Delta A_{CP}$, the difference between the CP asymmetries in $D^0 to K^+ K^-$ and $D^0 to pi^+ pi^-$, we find that agreement with experiment can be obtained provided that two conditions are verified: the phases in the ranges predicted in 331 models and large hadronic matrix elements.
We present an analytic two-loop calculation within the scalar diquark model of the potential linear and angular momenta, defined as the difference between the Jaffe-Manohar and Ji notions of linear and angular momenta. As expected by parity and time-reversal symmetries, a direct calculation confirms that the potential transverse momentum coincides with the Jaffe-Manohar (or canonical) definition of average quark transverse momentum, also known as the quark Sivers shift. We examine whether initial/final-state interactions at the origin of the Sivers asymmetry can also generate a potential angular momentum in the scalar diquark model.
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