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Register a new userAtomic calculations of hyperfine structure anomaly in gold
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The magnetic hyperfine structure constants have been calculated for low-lying levels in neutral gold atom and gold-like ion of mercury taking into account Bohr--Weisskopf (BW) effect. BW effect is represented as a product of atomic and nuclear ($d_mathrm{nuc}$) factors. We have calculated the atomic factors, which enable one to extract BW-correction values for far from stability gold nuclei from the experimental data. The possible uncertainty of our atomic calculations have been estimated by the comparison with the available experimental data. It has been shown that the standard single-particle approach in $d_mathrm{nuc}$ calculation reasonably well describes experimental data for $11/2^-$ gold isomers and $3/2^+$ ground state of $rm ^{199}Au$. At the same time, it fails to describe the hyperfine constant in $^{197}mathrm{Au}$. This indicates the more pronounced configuration mixing in $rm ^{197}Au$ than in $rm ^{199}Au$.
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We report on our calculations of differential hyperfine anomalies in the nuclear single-particle model for a number of atoms and ions of interest for studies of fundamental symmetries violations. Comparison with available experimental data allows one to discriminate between different nuclear magnetization models, and this data supports the use of the nuclear single-particle model over the commonly-used uniform ball model. Accurate modelling of the nuclear magnetization distribution is important for testing atomic theory through hyperfine comparisons. The magnetization distribution must be adequately understood and modelled, with uncertainties well under the atomic theory uncertainty, for hyperfine comparisons to be meaningful. This has not been the case for a number of atoms of particular interest for precision studies, including Cs. Our work demonstrates the validity of the nuclear single-particle model for Cs, and this has implications for the theory analysis of atomic parity violation in this atom.
Hyperfine structure (HFS) of atomic energy levels arises due to interactions of atomic electrons with a hierarchy of nuclear multipole moments, including magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole and higher rank moments. Recently, a determination of the magnetic octupole moment of the $^{173}mathrm{Yb}$ nucleus was reported from HFS measurements in neutral ${}^{173}mathrm{Yb}$ [PRA 87, 012512 (2013)], and is four orders of magnitude larger than the nuclear theory prediction. Considering this substantial discrepancy between the spectroscopically extracted value and nuclear theory, here we propose to use an alternative system to resolve this tension, a singly charged ion of the same $^{173}mathrm{Yb}$ isotope. Utilizing the substantial suite of tools developed around $mathrm{Yb}^+$ for quantum information applications, we propose to extract nuclear octupole and hexadecapole moments from measuring hyperfine splittings in the extremely long lived first excited state ($4f^{13}(^2!F^{o})6s^2$, $J=7/2$) of $^{173}mathrm{Yb}^+$. We present results of atomic structure calculations in support of the proposed measurements.
We employ a technique that combines the configuration interaction method with the singles-doubles coupled-cluster method to perform calculation of the energy levels, transition amplitudes, lifetimes, g-factors, and magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants for many low-lying states of neutral actinium. We find very good agreement with existing experimental energy levels and make accurate predictions for missing levels. It has been noted that some of the levels have been previously misidentified; our analysis supports this claim. If spectroscopy is performed with actinium-225, our calculations will lead to values for nuclear structure constants. The accuracy of this can be constrained by comparing with actinium-227.
We report a fourfold improvement in the determination of nuclear magnetic moments for neutron-deficient isotopes of francium-207--213, reducing the uncertainties from 2% for most isotopes to 0.5%. These are found by comparing our high-precision calculations of hyperfine structure constants for the ground states with experimental values. In particular, we show the importance of a careful modeling of the Bohr-Weisskopf effect, which arises due to the finite nuclear magnetization distribution. This effect is particularly large in Fr and until now has not been modeled with sufficiently high accuracy. An improved understanding of the nuclear magnetic moments and Bohr-Weisskopf effect are crucial for benchmarking the atomic theory required in precision tests of the standard model, in particular atomic parity violation studies, that are underway in francium.
Quantum memory will be a key component in future quantum networks, and atomic frequency combs (AFCs) in rare-earth-doped crystals are one promising platform for realizing this technology. We theoretically and experimentally investigate the formation of AFCs in Pr3+:Y2SiO5, with an overall bandwidth of 120 MHz and tooth spacing ranging from 0.1 MHz to 20 MHz, showing agreement between our calculations and measurements. We observe that the echo efficiency depends crucially on the AFC tooth spacing. Our results suggest approaches to developing a high-efficiency AFC quantum memory.
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