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Register a new userConstruction of excited multi-solitons for the 5D energy-critical wave equation
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Xu Yuan
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For the 5D energy-critical wave equation, we construct excited $N$-solitons with collinear speeds, i.e. solutions $u$ of the equation such that begin{equation*} lim_{tto+infty}bigg| abla_{t,x}u(t)- abla_{t,x}bigg(sum_{n=1}^{N}Q_{n}(t)bigg)bigg|_{L^{2}}=0, end{equation*} where for $n=1,ldots,N$, $Q_n(t,x)$ is the Lorentz transform of a non-degenerate and sufficiently decaying excited state, each with different but collinear speeds. The existence proof follows the ideas of Martel-Merle and C^ote-Martel developed for the energy-critical wave and nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations. In particular, we rely on an energy method and on a general coercivity property for the linearized operator.
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Consider the focusing 4D cubic wave equation [ partial_{tt}u-Delta u-u^{3}=0,quad mbox{on} (t,x)in [0,infty)times mathbb{R}^{4}.] The main result states the existence in energy space $dot{H}^{1}times L^{2}$ of multi-solitary waves where each traveling wave is generated by Lorentz transform from a specific excited state, with different but collinear Lorentz speeds. The specific excited state is deduced from the non-degenerate sign-changing state constructed in Musso-Wei [34]. The proof is inspired by the techniques developed for the 5D energy-critical wave equation and the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation in a similar context by Martel-Merle [30] and C^ote-Martel [6]. The main difficulty originates from the strong interactions between solutions in the 4D case compared to other dispersive and wave-type models. To overcome the difficulty, a sharp understanding of the asymptotic behavior of the excited states involved and of the kernel of their linearized operator is needed.
In this paper, we construct $K$-solitons of the focusing energy-critical nonlinear wave equation in five-dimensional space, i.e. solutions $u$ of the equation such that begin{equation*} | abla_{t,x}u(t)- abla_{t,x}big(sum_{k=1}^{K}W_{k}(t)big)|_{L^{2}}to 0quad mathrm{as} tto infty, end{equation*} where for any $kin {1,dots,K}$, $W_{k}$ is Lorentz transform of the explicit standing soliton $W(x)=(1+|x|^{2}/15)^{-3/2}$, with any speed $boldsymbol{ell}_{k}in mathbb{R}^{5}$ ,$|boldsymbol{ell}_{k}|<1$ ($boldsymbol{ell}_{k} e boldsymbol{ell}_{k}$ for $k e k$) satisfying an explicit smallness condition.
We consider the energy-critical non-linear focusing wave equation in dimension N=3,4,5. An explicit stationnary solution, $W$, of this equation is known. The energy E(W,0) has been shown by C. Kenig and F. Merle to be a threshold for the dynamical behavior of solutions of the equation. In the present article we study the dynamics at the critical level E(u_0,u_1)=E(W,0) and classify the corresponding solutions. We show in particular the existence of two special solutions, connecting different behaviors for negative and positive times. Our results are analoguous to our previous work on radial Schrodinger equation, but without any radial assumption on the data. We also refine the understanding of the dynamical behavior of the special solutions.
Consider a finite energy radial solution to the focusing energy critical semilinear wave equation in 1+4 dimensions. Assume that this solution exhibits type-II behavior, by which we mean that the critical Sobolev norm of the evolution stays bounded on the maximal interval of existence. We prove that along a sequence of times tending to the maximal forward time of existence, the solution decomposes into a sum of dynamically rescaled solitons, a free radiation term, and an error tending to zero in the energy space. If, in addition, we assume that the critical norm of the evolution localized to the light cone (the forward light cone in the case of global solutions and the backwards cone in the case of finite time blow-up) is less than 2 times the critical norm of the ground state solution W, then the decomposition holds without a restriction to a subsequence.
Consider the energy-critical focusing wave equation in space dimension $Ngeq 3$. The equation has a nonzero radial stationary solution $W$, which is unique up to scaling and sign change. It is conjectured (soliton resolution) that any radial, bounded in the energy norm solution of the equation behaves asymptotically as a sum of modulated $W$s, decoupled by the scaling, and a radiation term. A nonradiative solution of the equation is by definition a solution whose energy in the exterior ${|x|>|t|}$ of the wave cone vanishes asymptotically as $tto +infty$ and $tto -infty$. In a previous work (Cambridge Journal of Mathematics 2013, arXiv:1204.0031), we have proved that the only radial nonradiative solutions of the equation in three space dimensions are, up to scaling, $0$ and $pm W$. This was crucial in the proof of soliton resolution in 3 space dimension. In this paper, we prove that the initial data of a radial nonradiative solution in odd space dimension have a prescribed asymptotic behaviour as $rto infty$. We will use this property for the proof of soliton resolution, for radial data, in all odd space dimensions. The proof uses the characterization of nonradiative solutions of the linear wave equation in odd space dimensions obtained by Lawrie, Liu, Schlag and the second author (Advances in Mathematics, 2015, arXiv:1409.3643) . We also study the propagation of the support of nonzero radial solutions with compactly supported initial data, and prove that these solutions cannot be nonradiative.
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