No Arabic abstract
Let $G$ be a finite group and $D_{2n}$ be the dihedral group of $2n$ elements. For a positive integer $d$, let $mathsf{s}_{dmathbb{N}}(G)$ denote the smallest integer $ellin mathbb{N}_0cup {+infty}$ such that every sequence $S$ over $G$ of length $|S|geq ell$ has a nonempty $1$-product subsequence $T$ with $|T|equiv 0$ (mod $d$). In this paper, we mainly study the problem for dihedral groups $D_{2n}$ and determine their exact values: $mathsf{s}_{dmathbb{N}}(D_{2n})=2d+lfloor log_2nrfloor$, if $d$ is odd with $n|d$; $mathsf{s}_{dmathbb{N}}(D_{2n})=nd+1$, if $gcd(n,d)=1$. Furthermore, we also analysis the problem for metacyclic groups $C_pltimes_s C_q$ and obtain a result: $mathsf{s}_{kpmathbb{N}}(C_pltimes_s C_q)=lcm(kp,q)+p-2+gcd(kp,q)$, where $pgeq 3$ and $p|q-1$.
We prove that a uniform pro-p group with no nonabelian free subgroups has a normal series with torsion-free abelian factors. We discuss this in relation to unique product groups. We also consider generalizations of Hantzsche-Wendt groups.
Difference sets have been studied for more than 80 years. Techniques from algebraic number theory, group theory, finite geometry, and digital communications engineering have been used to establish constructive and nonexistence results. We provide a new theoretical approach which dramatically expands the class of $2$-groups known to contain a difference set, by refining the concept of covering extended building sets introduced by Davis and Jedwab in 1997. We then describe how product constructions and other methods can be used to construct difference sets in some of the remaining $2$-groups. We announce the completion of ten years of collaborative work to determine precisely which of the 56,092 nonisomorphic groups of order 256 contain a difference set. All groups of order 256 not excluded by the two classical nonexistence criteria are found to contain a difference set, in agreement with previous findings for groups of order 4, 16, and 64. We provide suggestions for how the existence question for difference sets in $2$-groups of all orders might be resolved.
In 2011, Fang et al. in (J. Combin. Theory A 118 (2011) 1039-1051) posed the following problem: Classify non-normal locally primitive Cayley graphs of finite simple groups of valency $d$, where either $dleq 20$ or $d$ is a prime number. The only case for which the complete solution of this problem is known is of $d=3$. Except this, a lot of efforts have been made to attack this problem by considering the following problem: Characterize finite nonabelian simple groups which admit non-normal locally primitive Cayley graphs of certain valency $dgeq4$. Even for this problem, it was only solved for the cases when either $dleq 5$ or $d=7$ and the vertex stabilizer is solvable. In this paper, we make crucial progress towards the above problems by completely solving the second problem for the case when $dgeq 11$ is a prime and the vertex stabilizer is solvable.
In this paper we prove some properties of the nonabelian cohomology $H^1(A,G)$ of a group $A$ with coefficients in a connected Lie group $G$. When $A$ is finite, we show that for every $A$-submodule $K$ of $G$ which is a maximal compact subgroup of $G$, the canonical map $H^1(A,K)to H^1(A,G)$ is bijective. In this case we also show that $H^1(A,G)$ is always finite. When $A=ZZ$ and $G$ is compact, we show that for every maximal torus $T$ of the identity component $G_0^ZZ$ of the group of invariants $G^ZZ$, $H^1(ZZ,T)to H^1(ZZ,G)$ is surjective if and only if the $ZZ$-action on $G$ is 1-semisimple, which is also equivalent to that all fibers of $H^1(ZZ,T)to H^1(ZZ,G)$ are finite. When $A=Zn$, we show that $H^1(Zn,T)to H^1(Zn,G)$ is always surjective, where $T$ is a maximal compact torus of the identity component $G_0^{Zn}$ of $G^{Zn}$. When $A$ is cyclic, we also interpret some properties of $H^1(A,G)$ in terms of twisted conjugate actions of $G$.
This article studies Paleys theory for lacunary Fourier series on (nonabelian) discrete groups. The results unify and generalize the work of Rudin for abelian discrete groups and the work of Lust-Piquard and Pisier for operator valued functions, and provide new examples of Paley sequences and $Lambda(p)$ sets on free groups.