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Antiferromagnetic ordering and dipolar interactions of YbAlO$_3$

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 Added by Andrey Podlesnyak
 Publication date 2019
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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In this paper we report low-temperature magnetic properties of the rare-earth perovskite material YbAlO$_3$. Results of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiment, magnetization measurements along with the crystalline electrical field (CEF) calculations suggest that the ground state of Yb moments is a strongly anisotropic Kramers doublet, and the moments are confined in the $ab$-plane, pointing at an angle of $varphi = pm 23.5^{circ}$ to the $a$-axis. With temperature decreasing below $T_{rm N}=0.88$ K, Yb moments order into the coplanar, but non-collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure $AxGy$, where the moments are pointed along their easy-axes. In addition, we highlight the importance of the dipole-dipole interaction, which selects the type of magnetic ordering and may be crucial for understanding magnetic properties of other rare-earth orthorhombic perovskites. Further analysis of the broad diffuse neutron scattering shows that one-dimensional interaction along the $c$-axis is dominant, and suggests YbAlO$_3$ as a new member of one dimensional quantum magnets.



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Low dimensional quantum magnets are interesting because of the emerging collective behavior arising from strong quantum fluctuations. The one-dimensional (1D) S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet is a paradigmatic example, whose low-energy excitations, known as spinons, carry fractional spin S = 1/2. These fractional modes can be reconfined by the application of a staggered magnetic field. Even though considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of such magnets, experimental realizations of this low-dimensional physics are relatively rare. This is particularly true for rare-earth based magnets because of the large effective spin anisotropy induced by the combination of strong spin-orbit coupling and crystal field splitting. Here, we demonstrate that the rare-earth perovskite YbAlO$_3$ provides a realization of a quantum spin S = 1/2 chain material exhibiting both quantum critical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior and spinon confinement-deconfinement transitions in different regions of magnetic field-temperature phase diagram.
Antiferromagnetic order at $T_{mathrm{N}} = 23$ K has been identified in Mn(III)F(salen), salen = H$_{14}$C$_{16}$N$_2$O$_2$, an $S = 2$ linear-chain system. Using single crystals, specific heat studies performed in magnetic fields up to 9 T revealed the presence of a field-independent cusp at the same temperature where $^1$H NMR studies conducted at 42 MHz observed dramatic changes in the spin-lattice relaxation time, $T_1$, and in the linewidths. Neutron powder diffraction performed on a randomly-oriented, as-grown, deuterated (12 of 14 H replaced by d) sample of 2.2 g at 10 K and 100 K did not resolve the magnetic ordering, while low-field (less than 0.1 T) magnetic susceptibility studies of single crystals and randomly-arranged microcrystalline samples reveal subtle features associated with the transition. Ensemble these data suggest a magnetic signature previously detected at 3.8 T for temperatures below nominally 500 mK is a spin-flop field of small net moments arising from alternating subsets of three Mn spins along the chains.
Polycrystalline CuO samples with Co doping were prepared by solid state method with flowing oxygen condition and examined their structural and multiferroic properties. Structural studies have confirmed single phase monoclinic crystal structure of all samples, however, in Co doped samples a decrease in volume with an increase in monoclinic distortion is found. For pristine sample, temperature dependent magnetization has confirmed two antiferromagnetic (AFM) transitions at 213 K and 230 K and frequency independent dielectric peaks at these AFM transitions suggesting the ferroelectric nature. Magnetization of the Co doped samples has showed a marginal increase in ordering temperature of the high-temperature AFM transition and decrease in low temperature AFM ordering temperature. Further, doped samples have shown giant dielectric constant with no signature of ferroelectricity. The x-ray photoelectric spectroscopy study has revealed multiple valance states for both Co and Cu in the doped samples that simultaneously explain the giant dielectric constant and suppression of ferroelectric order.
79 - Asad Niazi 2001
Ac and dc magnetization and heat-capacity (C) measurements performed on the pseudo-one-dimensional compound Sr$_3$CuIrO$_6$ reveal a competition between antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferromagnetic (F) exchange couplings, as evidenced by frequency dependence of ac susceptibility and by the absence of a C anomaly at the magnetic transition. The value of the saturation moment (about 0.35 $mu_B$/formula unit) is much smaller than expected for ferromagnetism from the two S=1/2 ions (Cu and Ir). Thus, this compound is not a ferromagnet in zero magnetic field, in contrast to earlier beliefs. Of particular importance is the finding that the value of the magnetic ordering temperature is sample dependent, sensitive to synthetic conditions resulting from deviations in oxygen/Cu content. We propose that this compound serves as a unique model system to test theories on random AF-F interaction in a chain system, considering that this competition can be tuned without any chemical substitution.
Motivated by recent progress on field-induced phase transitions in quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets, we study the phase diagram of $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with Ising anisotropic interchain couplings under a longitudinal magnetic field via large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The interchain interactions is shown to enhance longitudinal spin correlations to stabilize an incommensurate longitudinal spin density wave order at low temperatures. With increasing field the ground state changes to a canted antiferromagnetic order until the magnetization fully saturates above a quantum critical point controlled by the $(3+2)$D XY universality. Increasing temperature in the quantum critical regime the system experiences a fascinating dimension crossover to a universal Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. The calculated NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$ indicates this Luttinger liquid behavior survives a broad field and temperature regime. Our results determine the global phase diagram and quantitative features of quantum criticality of a general model for quasi-one-dimensional spin chain compounds, and thus lay down a concrete ground to the study on these materials.
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