Recently we have reported the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the quarks and gluons by using the lattice QCD method at the zero temperature. Similarly we have also reported the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the thermalized quark-gluon plasma by using the lattice QCD method at the finite temperature. In this paper we extend this to non-equilibrium QCD and present the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma by using the closed time path integral formalism. Hadron formation from the non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma is necessary to detect the quark-gluon plasma at RHIC and LHC.
The study of heavy-ion collisions has currently unprecedented opportunities with two first class facilities, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, and five large experiments ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, PHENIX and STAR producing a wealth of high quality data. Selected results recently obtained are presented on the study of flow, energy loss and direct photons.
Complete suppression of the heavy quarkonium due to the screening mechanism of the quark-gluon plasma is proposed in the literature to be a signature of the quark-gluon plasma detection at RHIC and LHC. However, since the heavy quarkonium $Upsilon$ production is experimentally measured in the Pb-Pb collisions by the ALICE collaboration at LHC one has to study the $Upsilon$ production from the quark-gluon plasma instead of studying the $Upsilon$ suppression due to the screening mechanism of the quark-gluon plasma. In this paper we derive the non-perturbative formula of the $Upsilon$ production amplitude from the quark-gluon plasma from the first principle in QCD which can be calculated by using the lattice QCD method at the finite temperature.
A model of statistical quark-gluon plasma formation is considered.We look the dilepton production at critical temperature $T_{c}sim170 Mev $ and completely free out temperature $T=150 MeV$ with the initial temperature as $T_{0}=570,400 (250) MeV$. Now we consider that quark mass is depending on the coupling value through parameterisation factor of the fireball formation and temperature. The rate of production is shown for invariant mass $M$ at the particular value of $ E=2.0,3.0 GeV$.It shows the significant production of leptons in this process for small value of invariant mass. However, the quark-hadron phase transition is a very weakly changed in the entropy of the system during this process of hadronisation.
Jets and photons could play an important role in finding the transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma. To this end we analyze their interaction with a non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma. Using new field-theoretical tools we derive two-point correlators for the plasma which show how instabilities evolve in time. This allows us, for the first time, to derive finite rates of interaction with the medium. We furthermore show that coherent, long-wavelength instability fields in the Abelian limit do not modify the rate of photon emission or jet-medium interaction.
Jets are a promising way to probe the non-equilibrium physics of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We study how an out-of-equilibrium medium induces a jet particle to emit gluons. Evaluation of the emission rate is complicated by Weibel instabilities which lead to an exponential growth of chromomagnetic fields. Deriving a quantum field theoretical description of an unstable QGP medium, we show that the chromomagnetic fields deflect jet particles during the gluon emission.
Gouranga C Nayak
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(2019)
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"Hadron Formation From Non-Equilibrium Quark-Gluon Plasma at RHIC and LHC Using Closed-Time Path Integral Formalism"
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Gouranga Nayak
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