No Arabic abstract
Let M be a Riemannian n-manifold with n greater than or equal to 3. For k between 1 and n, we say M has k-positive Ricci curvature if at every point of M the sum of any k eigenvalues of the Ricci curvature is strictly positive. In particular, one positive Ricci curvature is equivalent to positive Ricci curvature and n-positive Ricci curvature is equivalent to positive scalar curvature. Let G be the fundamental group of the closed manifold M. We say that G is virtually free if G contains a free subgroup of finite index, or equivalently, if some finite cover of M has a fundamental group that is a free group. In this paper we will prove: Let M be a closed Riemannian n-manifold, with n greater than or equal to 3, such that (n-1)-eigenvalues of the Ricci curvature are strictly positive. Then the fundamental group of M is virtually free. As an immediate consequence we have: Let M be a closed Riemannian n-manifold, with n greater than or equal to 3, with 2-positive Ricci curvature. Then the fundamental group of M is virtually free.
In this paper we study the class of compact Kahler manifolds with positive orthogonal Ricci curvature: $Ric^perp>0$. First we illustrate examples of Kahler manifolds with $Ric^perp>0$ on Kahler C-spaces, and construct ones on certain projectivized vector bundles. These examples show the abundance of Kahler manifolds which admit metrics of $Ric^perp>0$. Secondly we prove some (algebraic) geometric consequences of the condition $Ric^perp>0$ to illustrate that the condition is also quite restrictive. Finally this last point is made evident with a classification result in dimension three and a partial classification in dimension four.
We survey the results on fundamental groups of open manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature. We also present some open questions on this topic.
In this paper, we show that a closed $n$-dimensional generalized ($lambda, n+m)$-Einstein manifold with positive isotropic curvature and constant scalar curvature must be isometric to either a sphere ${Bbb S}^n$, or a product ${Bbb S}^{1} times {Bbb S}^{n-1}$ of a circle with an $(n-1)$-sphere, up to finite cover and rescaling.
In this paper we study the topology of compact manifolds of positive isotropic curvature (PIC). There are many examples of non-simply connected compact manifolds with positive isotropic curvature. We prove that the fundamental group of a compact Riemannian manifold with PIC, of dimension greater than or equal to 5, does not contain a subgroup isomorphic to the fundamental group of a compact Riemann surface. The proof uses stable minimal surface theory.
For $k ge 2,$ let $M^{4k-1}$ be a $(2k{-}2)$-connected closed manifold. If $k equiv 1$ mod $4$ assume further that $M$ is $(2k{-}1)$-parallelisable. Then there is a homotopy sphere $Sigma^{4k-1}$ such that $M sharp Sigma$ admits a Ricci positive metric. This follows from a new description of these manifolds as the boundaries of explicit plumbings.