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Register a new userGeometric secluded paths and planar satisfiability
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Added by
Roman Voronov
Publication date
2019
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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We consider paths with low emph{exposure} to a 2D polygonal domain, i.e., paths which are seen as little as possible; we differentiate between emph{integral} exposure (when we care about how long the path sees every point of the domain) and emph{0/1} exposure (just counting whether a point is seen by the path or not). For the integral exposure, we give a PTAS for finding the minimum-exposure path between two given points in the domain; for the 0/1 version, we prove that in a simple polygon the shortest path has the minimum exposure, while in domains with holes the problem becomes NP-hard. We also highlight connections of the problem to minimum satisfiability and settle hardness of variants of planar min- and max-SAT.
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We study four classical graph problems -- Hamiltonian path, Traveling salesman, Minimum spanning tree, and Minimum perfect matching on geometric graphs induced by bichromatic (red and blue) points. These problems have been widely studied for points in the Euclidean plane, and many of them are NP-hard. In this work, we consider these problems in two restricted settings: (i) collinear points and (ii) equidistant points on a circle. We show that almost all of these problems can be solved in linear time in these constrained, yet non-trivial settings.
A path or a polygonal domain is C-oriented if the orientations of its edges belong to a set of C given orientations; this is a generalization of the notable rectilinear case (C = 2). We study exact and approximation algorithms for minimum-link C-oriented paths and paths with unrestricted orientations, both in C-oriented and in general domains. Our two main algorithms are as follows: A subquadratic-time algorithm with a non-trivial approximation guarantee for general (unrestricted-orientation) minimum-link paths in general domains. An algorithm to find a minimum-link C-oriented path in a C-oriented domain. Our algorithm is simpler and more time-space efficient than the prior algorithm. We also obtain several related results: - 3SUM-hardness of determining the link distance with unrestricted orientations (even in a rectilinear domain). - An optimal algorithm for finding a minimum-link rectilinear path in a rectilinear domain. The algorithm and its analysis are simpler than the existing ones. - An extension of our methods to find a C-oriented minimum-link path in a general (not necessarily C-oriented) domain. - A more efficient algorithm to compute a 2-approximate C-oriented minimum-link path. - A notion of robust paths. We show how minimum-link C-oriented paths approximate the robust paths with unrestricted orientations to within an additive error of 1.
Let $P$ be a set of $2n$ points in convex position, such that $n$ points are colored red and $n$ points are colored blue. A non-crossing alternating path on $P$ of length $ell$ is a sequence $p_1, dots, p_ell$ of $ell$ points from $P$ so that (i) all points are pairwise distinct; (ii) any two consecutive points $p_i$, $p_{i+1}$ have different colors; and (iii) any two segments $p_i p_{i+1}$ and $p_j p_{j+1}$ have disjoint relative interiors, for $i eq j$. We show that there is an absolute constant $varepsilon > 0$, independent of $n$ and of the coloring, such that $P$ always admits a non-crossing alternating path of length at least $(1 + varepsilon)n$. The result is obtained through a slightly stronger statement: there always exists a non-crossing bichromatic separated matching on at least $(1 + varepsilon)n$ points of $P$. This is a properly colored matching whose segments are pairwise disjoint and intersected by common line. For bo
We consider the NP-complete problem of tracking paths in a graph, first introduced by Banik et. al. [3]. Given an undirected graph with a source $s$ and a destination $t$, find the smallest subset of vertices whose intersection with any $s-t$ path results in a unique sequence. In this paper, we show that this problem remains NP-complete when the graph is planar and we give a 4-approximation algorithm in this setting. We also show, via Courcelles theorem, that it can be solved in linear time for graphs of bounded-clique width, when its clique decomposition is given in advance.
For a fixed virtual scene (=collection of simplices) S and given observer position p, how many elements of S are weakly visible (i.e. not fully occluded by others) from p? The present work explores the trade-off between query time and preprocessing space for these quantities in 2D: exactly, in the approximate deterministic, and in the probabilistic sense. We deduce the EXISTENCE of an O(m^2/n^2) space data structure for S that, given p and time O(log n), allows to approximate the ratio of occluded segments up to arbitrary constant absolute error; here m denotes the size of the Visibility Graph--which may be quadratic, but typically is just linear in the size n of the scene S. On the other hand, we present a data structure CONSTRUCTIBLE in O(n*log(n)+m^2*polylog(n)/k) preprocessing time and space with similar approximation properties and query time O(k*polylog n), where k<n is an arbitrary parameter. We describe an implementation of this approach and demonstrate the practical benefit of the parameter k to trade memory for query time in an empirical evaluation on three classes of benchmark scenes.
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