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Register a new userOn the Unbounded Picture of $KK$-Theory
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Authors
Jens Kaad
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In the founding paper on unbounded $KK$-theory it was established by Baaj and Julg that the bounded transform, which associates a class in $KK$-theory to any unbounded Kasparov module, is a surjective homomorphism (under a separability assumption). In this paper, we provide an equivalence relation on unbounded Kasparov modules and we thereby describe the kernel of the bounded transform. This allows us to introduce a notion of topological unbounded $KK$-theory, which becomes isomorphic to $KK$-theory via the bounded transform. The equivalence relation is formulated entirely at the level of unbounded Kasparov modules and consists of homotopies together with an extra degeneracy condition. Our degenerate unbounded Kasparov modules are called spectrally decomposable since they admit a decomposition into a part with positive spectrum and a part with negative spectrum.
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We provide sufficient conditions to factorise an equivariant spectral triple as a Kasparov product of unbounded classes constructed from the group action on the algebra and from the fixed point spectral triple. Our results are for the action of compact abelian Lie groups, and we demonstrate them with examples from manifolds and $theta$-deformations. In particular we show that equivariant Dirac-type spectral triples on the total space of a torus principal bundle always factorise. We also present an example that shows what goes wrong in the absence of our sufficient conditions (and how we get around it for this example).
We investigate an extension of ideas of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer (APS) to a noncommutative geometry setting framed in terms of Kasparov modules. We use a mapping cone construction to relate odd index pairings to even index pairings with APS boundary conditions in the setting of KK-theory, generalising the commutative theory. We find that Cuntz-Kreiger systems provide a natural class of examples for our construction and the index pairings coming from APS boundary conditions yield complete K-theoretic information about certain graph C*-algebras.
Relative index theorems, which deal with what happens with the index of elliptic operators when cutting and pasting, are abundant in the literature. It is desirable to obtain similar theorems for other stable homotopy invariants, not the index alone. In the spirit of noncommutative geometry, we prove a full-fledged relative index type theorem that compares certain elements of the Kasparov KK-group KK(A,B).
This paper presents, by example, an index theory appropriate to algebras without trace. Whilst we work exclusively with the Cuntz algebras the exposition is designed to indicate how to develop a general theory. Our main result is an index theorem (formulated in terms of spectral flow) using a twisted cyclic cocycle where the twisting comes from the modular automorphism group for the canonical gauge action on the Cuntz algebra. We introduce a modified $K_1$-group of the Cuntz algebra so as to pair with this twisted cocycle. As a corollary we obtain a noncommutative geometry interpretation for Arakis notion of relative entropy in this example. We also note the connection of this example to the theory of noncommutative manifolds.
Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space, let $Gamma$ be a discrete group that acts continuously on $X$ from the right, define $widetilde{X} = {(x,gamma) in X times Gamma : xcdotgamma= x}$, and let $Gamma$ act on $widetilde{X}$ via the formula $(x,gamma)cdotalpha = (xcdotalpha, alpha^{-1}gammaalpha)$. Results of P. Baum and A. Connes, along with facts about the Chern character, imply that $K^i_Gamma(X) otimes mathbb{C} cong K^i(widetilde{X}slashGamma) otimes mathbb{C}$ for $i = 0, -1$. In this note, we present an example where the groups $K^i_Gamma(X)$ and $K^i(widetilde{X}slashGamma)$ are not isomorphic.
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