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Register a new userExtreme gaps between eigenvalues of Wigner matrices
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Paul Bourgade
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This paper proves universality of the distribution of the smallest and largest gaps between eigenvalues of generalized Wigner matrices, under some smoothness assumption for the density of the entries. The proof relies on the Erd{H o}s-Schlein-Yau dynamic approach. We exhibit a new observable that satisfies a stochastic advection equation and reduces local relaxation of the Dyson Brownian motion to a maximum principle. This observable also provides a simple and unified proof of universality in the bulk and at the edge, which is quantitative. To illustrate this, we give the first explicit rate of convergence to the Tracy-Widom distribution for generalized Wigner matrices.
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We consider the real eigenvalues of an $(N times N)$ real elliptic Ginibre matrix whose entries are correlated through a non-Hermiticity parameter $tau_Nin [0,1]$. In the almost-Hermitian regime where $1-tau_N=Theta(N^{-1})$, we obtain the large-$N$ expansion of the mean and the variance of the number of the real eigenvalues. Furthermore, we derive the limiting empirical distributions of the real eigenvalues, which interpolate the Wigner semicircle law and the uniform distribution, the restriction of the elliptic law on the real axis. Our proofs are based on the skew-orthogonal polynomial representation of the correlation kernel due to Forrester and Nagao.
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