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Register a new userRecent Theoretical Advances and Open Problems in Nuclear Cluster Physics
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P.Schuck
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This contribution gives a short review of recent theoretical advances in most topics of nuclear cluster physics concentrating, however, around {$alpha$} particle clustering. Along the route, the point of view will be critical mentioning not only progress but also failures and open problems.
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In recent years, the combination of precise quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods with realistic nuclear interactions and consistent electroweak currents, in particular those constructed within effective field theories (EFTs), has lead to new insights in light and medium-mass nuclei, neutron matter, and electroweak reactions. This compelling new body of work has been made possible both by advances in QMC methods for nuclear physics, which push the bounds of applicability to heavier nuclei and to asymmetric nuclear matter and by the development of local chiral EFT interactions up to next-to-next-to-leading order and minimally nonlocal interactions including $Delta$ degrees of freedom. In this review, we discuss these recent developments and give an overview of the exciting results for nuclei, neutron matter and neutron stars, and electroweak reactions.
Knowledge on nuclear cluster physics has increased considerably since the pioneering discovery of 12C+12C resonances half a century ago and nuclear clustering remains one of the most fruitful domains of nuclear physics, facing some of the greatest challenges and opportunities in the years ahead. The occurrence of exotic shapes and/or Bose-Einstein alpha condensates in light N-Z alpha-conjugate nuclei is investigated. Evolution of clustering from stability to the drip-lines examined with clustering aspects persisting in light neutron-rich nuclei is consistent with the extension of the Ikeda-diagram to non alpha-conjugate nuclei.
Is there a connection between the branch point singularity at the particle emission threshold and the appearance of cluster states which reveal the structure of a corresponding reaction channel? Which nuclear states are most impacted by the coupling to the scattering continuum? What should be the most important steps in developing the theory that will truly unify nuclear structure and nuclear reactions? The common denominator of these questions is the continuum shell-model approach to bound and unbound nuclear states, nuclear decays, and reactions.
Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning setting where many clients (e.g. mobile devices or whole organizations) collaboratively train a model under the orchestration of a central server (e.g. service provider), while keeping the training data decentralized. FL embodies the principles of focused data collection and minimization, and can mitigate many of the systemic privacy risks and costs resulting from traditional, centralized machine learning and data science approaches. Motivated by the explosive growth in FL research, this paper discusses recent advances and presents an extensive collection of open problems and challenges.
Several experiments [1-3] show significant deviations from predictions of the statistical model of nuclear reactions. We summarize unsuccessful recent theoretical efforts to account for such disagreement in terms of a violation of orthogonal invariance caused by the Thomas-Ehrman shift. We report on numerical simulations involving a large number of gamma decay channels that also give rise to violation of orthogonal invariance but likewise do not account for the discrepancies. We discuss the statistical model in the light of these results.
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