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Register a new userA proof of the multiplicity one conjecture for min-max minimal surfaces in arbitrary codimension
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Given any admissible $k$-dimensional family of immersions of a given closed oriented surface into an arbitrary closed Riemannian manifold, we prove that the corresponding min-max width for the area is achieved by a smooth (possibly branched) immersed minimal surface with multiplicity one and Morse index bounded by $k$.
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We adapt the viscosity method introduced by Rivi`ere to the free boundary case. Namely, given a compact oriented surface $Sigma$, possibly with boundary, a closed ambient Riemannian manifold $(mathcal{M}^m,g)$ and a closed embedded submanifold $mathcal{N}^nsubsetmathcal{M}$, we study the asymptotic behavior of (almost) critical maps $Phi$ for the functional begin{align*} &E_sigma(Phi):=operatorname{area}(Phi)+sigmaoperatorname{length}(Phi|_{partialSigma})+sigma^4int_Sigma|{mathrm {I!I}}^Phi|^4,operatorname{vol}_Phi end{align*} on immersions $Phi:Sigmatomathcal{M}$ with the constraint $Phi(partialSigma)subseteqmathcal{N}$, as $sigmato 0$, assuming an upper bound for the area and a suitable entropy condition. As a consequence, given any collection $mathcal{F}$ of compact subsets of the space of smooth immersions $(Sigma,partialSigma)to(mathcal{M},mathcal{N})$, assuming $mathcal{F}$ to be stable under isotopies of this space we show that the min-max value begin{align*} &beta:=inf_{Ainmathcal{F}}max_{Phiin A}operatorname{area}(Phi) end{align*} is the sum of the areas of finitely many branched minimal immersions $Phi_{(i)}:Sigma_{(i)}tomathcal{M}$ with $partial_ uPhi_{(i)}perp Tmathcal{N}$ along $partialSigma_{(i)}$, whose (connected) domains $Sigma_{(i)}$ can be different from $Sigma$ but cannot have a more complicated topology. We adopt a point of view which exploits extensively the diffeomorphism invariance of $E_sigma$ and, along the way, we simplify several arguments from the original work. Some parts generalize to closed higher-dimensional domains, for which we get a rectifiable stationary varifold in the limit.
For any smooth Riemannian metric on an $(n+1)$-dimensional compact manifold with boundary $(M,partial M)$ where $3leq (n+1)leq 7$, we establish general upper bounds for the Morse index of free boundary minimal hypersurfaces produced by min-max theory in the Almgren-Pitts setting. We apply our Morse index estimates to prove that for almost every (in the $C^infty$ Baire sense) Riemannan metric, the union of all compact, properly embedded free boundary minimal hypersurfaces is dense in $M$. If $partial M$ is further assumed to have a strictly mean convex point, we show the existence of infinitely many compact, properly embedded free boundary minimal hypersurfaces whose boundaries are non-empty. Our results prove a conjecture of Yau for generic metrics in the free boundary setting.
We establish a new estimate for the Ginzburg-Landau energies $E_{epsilon}(u)=int_Mfrac{1}{2}|du|^2+frac{1}{4epsilon^2}(1-|u|^2)^2$ of complex-valued maps $u$ on a compact, oriented manifold $M$ with $b_1(M) eq 0$, obtained by decomposing the harmonic component $h_u$ of the one-form $ju:=u^1du^2-u^2du^1$ into an integral and fractional part. We employ this estimate to show that, for critical points $u_{epsilon}$ of $E_{epsilon}$ arising from the two-parameter min-max construction considered by the author in previous work, a nontrivial portion of the energy must concentrate on a stationary, rectifiable $(n-2)$-varifold as $epsilonto 0$.
We use min-max techniques to produce nontrivial solutions $u_{epsilon}:Mto mathbb{R}^2$ of the Ginzburg-Landau equation $Delta u_{epsilon}+frac{1}{epsilon^2}(1-|u_{epsilon}|^2)u_{epsilon}=0$ on a given compact Riemannian manifold, whose energy grows like $|logepsilon|$ as $epsilonto 0$. When the degree one cohomology $H^1_{dR}(M)=0$, we show that the energy of these solutions concentrates on a nontrivial stationary, rectifiable $(n-2)$-varifold $V$.
In this short paper, we will give a simple and transcendental proof for Moks theorem of the generalized Frankel conjecture. This work is based on the maximum principle in cite{BS2} proposed by Brendle and Schoen.
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