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Register a new userExtreme statistics and index distribution in the classical $1d$ Coulomb gas
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We consider a one-dimensional gas of $N$ charged particles confined by an external harmonic potential and interacting via the one-dimensional Coulomb potential. For this system we show that in equilibrium the charges settle, on an average, uniformly and symmetrically on a finite region centred around the origin. We study the statistics of the position of the rightmost particle $x_{max}$ and show that the limiting distribution describing its typical fluctuations is different from the Tracy-Widom distribution found in the one-dimensional log-gas. We also compute the large deviation functions which characterise the atypical fluctuations of $x_{max}$ far away from its mean value. In addition, we study the gap between the two rightmost particles as well as the index $N_+$, i.e., the number of particles on the positive semi-axis. We compute the limiting distributions associated to the typical fluctuations of these observables as well as the corresponding large deviation functions. We provide numerical supports to our analytical predictions. Part of these results were announced in a recent Letter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 060601 (2017).
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We study the random sequential adsorption of $k$-mers on the fully-connected lattice with $N=kn$ sites. The probability distribution $T_n(s,t)$ of the time $t$ needed to cover the lattice with $s$ $k$-mers is obtained using a generating function approach. In the low coverage scaling limit where $s,n,ttoinfty$ with $y=s/n^{1/2}={mathrm O}(1)$ the random variable $t-s$ follows a Poisson distribution with mean $ky^2/2$. In the intermediate coverage scaling limit, when both $s$ and $n-s$ are ${mathrm O}(n)$, the mean value and the variance of the covering time are growing as $n$ and the fluctuations are Gaussian. When full coverage is approached the scaling functions diverge, which is the signal of a new scaling behaviour. Indeed, when $u=n-s={mathrm O}(1)$, the mean value of the covering time grows as $n^k$ and the variance as $n^{2k}$, thus $t$ is strongly fluctuating and no longer self-averaging. In this scaling regime the fluctuations are governed, for each value of $k$, by a different extreme value distribution, indexed by $u$. Explicit results are obtained for monomers (generalized Gumbel distribution) and dimers.
Closed form, analytical results for the finite-temperature one-body density matrix, and Wigner function of a $d$-dimensional, harmonically trapped gas of particles obeying exclusion statistics are presented. As an application of our general expressions, we consider the intermediate particle statistics arising from the Gentile statistics, and compare its thermodynamic properties to the Haldane fractional exclusion statistics. At low temperatures, the thermodynamic quantities derived from both distributions are shown to be in excellent agreement. As the temperature is increased, the Gentile distribution continues to provide a good description of the system, with deviations only arising well outside of the degenerate regime. Our results illustrate that the exceedingly simple functional form of the Gentile distribution is an excellent alternative to the generally only implicit form of the Haldane distribution at low temperatures.
The local quench of a Fermi gas, giving rise to the Fermi edge singularity and the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe, is a rare example of an analytically tractable out of equilibrium problem in condensed matter. It describes the universal physics which occurs when a localized scattering potential is suddenly introduced in a Fermi sea leading to a brutal disturbance of the quantum state. It has recently been proposed that the effect could be efficiently simulated in a controlled manner using the tunability of ultra-cold atoms. In this work, we analyze the quench problem in a gas of trapped ultra-cold fermions from a thermodynamic perspective using the full statistics of the so called work distribution. The statistics of work are shown to provide an accurate insight into the fundamental physics of the process.
The low energy properties of the one-dimensional anyon gas with $delta$-function interaction are discussed in the context of its Bethe ansatz solution. It is found that the anyonic statistical parameter and the dynamical coupling constant induce Haldane exclusion statistics interpolating between bosons and fermions. Moreover, the anyonic parameter may trigger statistics beyond Fermi statistics for which the exclusion parameter $alpha$ is greater than one. The Tonks-Girardeau and the weak coupling limits are discussed in detail. The results support the universal role of $alpha$ in the dispersion relations.
Close-packed, classical dimer models on three-dimensional, bipartite lattices harbor a Coulomb phase with power-law correlations at infinite temperature. Here, we discuss the nature of the thermal phase transition out of this Coulomb phase for a variety of dimer models which energetically favor crystalline dimer states with columnar ordering. For a family of these models we find a direct thermal transition from the Coulomb phase to the dimer crystal. While some systems exhibit (strong) first-order transitions in correspondence with the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm, we also find clear numerical evidence for continuous transitions. A second family of models undergoes two consecutive thermal transitions with an intermediate paramagnetic phase separating the Coulomb phase from the dimer crystal. We can describe all of these phase transitions in one unifying framework of candidate field theories with two complex Ginzburg-Landau fields coupled to a U(1) gauge field. We derive the symmetry-mandated Ginzburg-Landau actions in these field variables for the various dimer models and discuss implications for their respective phase transitions.
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