No Arabic abstract
In their work on differential operators in positive characteristic, Smith and Van den Bergh define and study the derived functors of differential operators; they arise naturally as obstructions to differential operators reducing to positive characteristic. In this note, we provide formulas for the ring of differential operators as well as these derived functors of differential operators. We apply these descriptions to show that differential operators behave well under reduction to positive characteristic under certain hypotheses. We show that these functors also detect a number of interesting properties of singularities.
We introduce differential primary decompositions for ideals in a commutative ring. Ideal membership is characterized by differential conditions. The minimal number of conditions needed is the arithmetic multiplicity. Minimal differential primary decompositions are unique up to change of bases. Our results generalize the construction of Noetherian operators for primary ideals in the analytic theory of Ehrenpreis-Palamodov, and they offer a concise method for representing affine schemes. The case of modules is also addressed. We implemented an algorithm in Macaulay2 that computes the minimal decomposition for an ideal in a polynomial ring.
We introduce a new formalism of differential operators for a general associative algebra A. It replaces Grothendiecks notion of differential operator on a commutative algebra in such a way that derivations of the commutative algebra are replaced by DDer(A), the bimodule of double derivations. Our differential operators act not on the algebra A itself but rather on F(A), a certain `Fock space associated to any noncommutative algebra A in a functorial way. The corresponding algebra D(F(A)), of differential operators, is filtered and gr D(F(A)), the associated graded algebra, is commutative in some `twisted sense. The resulting double Poisson structure on gr D(F(A)) is closely related to the one introduced by Van den Bergh. Specifically, we prove that gr D(F(A))=F(T_A(DDer(A)), provided A is smooth. It is crucial for our construction that the Fock space F(A) carries an extra-structure of a wheelgebra, a new notion closely related to the notion of a wheeled PROP. There are also notions of Lie wheelgebras, and so on. In that language, D(F(A)) becomes the universal enveloping wheelgebra of a Lie wheelgebroid of double derivations. In the second part of the paper we show, extending a classical construction of Koszul to the noncommutative setting, that any Ricci-flat, torsion-free bimodule connection on DDer(A) gives rise to a second order (wheeled) differential operator, a noncommutative analogue of the BV-operator.
Let $R=K[X_1,ldots, X_n]$ where $K$ is a field of characteristic zero, and let $A_n(K)$ be the $n^{th}$ Weyl algebra over $K$. We give standard grading on $R$ and $A_n(K)$. Let $I$, $J$ be homogeneous ideals of $R$. Let $M = H^i_I(R)$ and $N = H^j_J(R)$ for some $i, j$. We show that $Ext_{A_n(K)}^{ u}(M,N)$ is concentrated in degree zero for all $ u geq 0$, i.e., $Ext_{A_n(K)}^{ u}(M,N)_l=0$ for $l eq0$. This proves a conjecture stated in part I of this paper.
As an extension of previous ungraded work, we define a graded $p$-polar ring to be an analog of a graded commutative ring where multiplication is only allowed on $p$-tuples (instead of pairs) of elements of equal degree. We show that the free affine $p$-adic group scheme functor, as well as the free formal group functor, defined on $k$-algebras for a perfect field $k$ of characteristic $p$, factors through $p$-polar $k$-algebras. It follows that the same is true for any affine $p$-adic or formal group functor, in particular for the functor of $p$-typical Witt vectors. As an application, we show that the latter is free on the $p$-polar affine line.
In this paper, we will consider derived equivalences for differential graded endomorphism algebras by Kellers approaches. First we construct derived equivalences of differential graded algebras which are endomorphism algebras of the objects from a triangle in the homotopy category of differential graded algebras. We also obtain derived equivalences of differential graded endomorphism algebras from a standard derived equivalence of finite dimensional algebras. Moreover, under some conditions, the cohomology rings of these differential graded endomorphism algebras are also derived equivalent. Then we give an affirmative answer to a problem of Dugas cite{Dugas2015} in some special case.