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Register a new userYoungs double-slit interference with two-color biphotons
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In classical optics, Youngs double-slit experiment with colored coherent light gives rise to individual interference fringes for each light frequency, referring to single-photon interference. However, two-photon double-slit interference has been widely studied only for wavelength-degenerate biphoton, known as subwavelength quantum lithography. In this work, we report double-slit interference experiments with two-color biphoton. Different from the degenerate case, the experimental results depend on the measurement methods. From a two-axis coincidence measurement pattern we can extract complete interference information about two colors. The conceptual model provides an intuitional picture of the in-phase and out-of-phase photon correlations and a complete quantum understanding about the which-path information of two colored photons.
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Youngs archetypal double-slit experiment forms the basis for modern diffraction techniques: the elastic scattering of waves yields an interference pattern that captures the real-space structure. Here, we report on an inelastic incarnation of Youngs experiment and demonstrate that resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) measures interference patterns which reveal the symmetry and character of electronic excited states in the same way as elastic scattering does for the ground state. A prototypical example is provided by the quasi-molecular electronic structure of insulating Ba3CeIr2O9 with structural Ir dimers and strong spin-orbit coupling. The double slits in this resonant experiment are the highly localized core levels of the two Ir atoms within a dimer. The clear double-slit-type sinusoidal interference patterns that we observe allow us to characterize the electronic excitations, demonstrating the power of RIXS interferometry to unravel the electronic structure of solids containing, e.g., dimers, trimers, ladders, or other superstructures.
We present the first observation of two-photon polarization interference structure in the second-order Glaubers correlation function of two-photon light generated via type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. In order to obtain this result, two-photon light is transmitted through an optical fibre and the coincidence distribution is analyzed by means of the START-STOP method. Beyond the experimental demonstration of an interesting effect in quantum optics, these results also have considerable relevance for quantum communications.
The elements of reality coined by Einstein, Podoslky, and Rosen promoted a series of fundamental discussions involving the notion of quantum correlations and physical realism. The superposition principle applied in the double-slit experiment with matter waves highlights the need for a critical review of the adoption of physical realism in the quantum realm. In this work, we employ a measure of physical irrealism and consider an initial contractive state in the double-slit setup for which position and momentum variables of a single particle are initially correlated. We investigate how the behavior of the irrealism can help us to obtain information about the interference pattern, wavelike, and particle-like properties in the double-slit setup with matter waves. We find that there is a time of propagation that minimizes the irrealism, and around this point the state at the detection screen is squeezed in position and momentum in comparison with the standard Gaussian superposition. Interestingly, we show that the maximum visibility and the number of interference fringes are related to the minimum of the irrealism. Moreover, we demonstrate a monotonic relation between the irrealism and visibility around the time of minimum. Then, we argue how to use these results to indirectly measure the irrealism for position variable from the fringe visibility.
We have implemented a virtual Youngs double slit experiment for hard X-ray photons with micro-fabricated bi-prisms. We observe fringe patterns with a scintillator, and quantify interferograms by detecting X-ray fluorescence from a scanned 30nm Cr metal film. The observed intensities are best modeled with a near-field, Fresnel analysis. The maximum fringe number in the overlap region is proportional to the ratio of real to imaginary parts refractive index of the prism material. The horizontal and vertical transverse coherence lengths at beamline APS 8-ID are measured.
Recently demonstrated ghost interference using correlated photons of different frequencies, has been theoretically analyzed. The calculation predicts an interesting nonlocal effect: the fringe width of the ghost interference depends not only on the wave-length of the photon involved, but also on the wavelength of the other photon with which it is entangled. This feature, arising because of different frequencies of the entangled photons, was hidden in the original ghost interference experiment. This prediction can be experimentally tested in a slightly modified version of the experiment.
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