No Arabic abstract
Let $Omega$ be a domain in $mathbb{C}$ with hyperbolic metric $lambda_Omega(z)|dz|$ of Gaussian curvature $-4.$ Mejia and Minda proved in their 1990 paper that $Omega$ is (Euclidean) convex if and only if $d(z,partialOmega)lambda_Omega(z)ge1/2$ for $zinOmega,$ where $d(z,partialOmega)$ denotes the Euclidean distance from $z$ to the boundary $partialOmega.$ In the present note, we will provide similar characterizations of spherically convex domains in terms of the spherical density of the hyperbolic metric.
We compare a Gromov hyperbolic metric with the hyperbolic metric in the unit ball or in the upper half space, and prove sharp comparison inequalities between the Gromov hyperbolic metric and some hyperbolic type metrics. We also obtain several sharp distortion inequalities for the Gromov hyperbolic metric under some families of M{o}bius transformations.
In this paper our aim is to determine the radii of univalence, starlikeness and convexity of the normalized regular Coulomb wave functions for two different kinds of normalization. The key tools in the proof of our main results are the Mittag-Leffler expansion for regular Coulomb wave functions, and properties of zeros of the regular Coulomb wave functions and their derivatives. Moreover, by using the technique of differential subordinations we present some conditions on the parameters of the regular Coulomb wave function in order to have a starlike normalized form. In addition, by using the Euler-Rayleigh inequalities we obtain some tight bounds for the radii of starlikeness of the normalized regular Coulomb wave functions. Some open problems for the zeros of the regular Coulomb wave functions are also stated which may be of interest for further research.
It is known that every infinite index quasi-convex subgroup $H$ of a non-elementary hyperbolic group $G$ is a free factor in a larger quasi-convex subgroup of $G$. We give a probabilistic generalization of this result. That is, we show that when $R$ is a subgroup generated by independent random walks in $G$, then $langle H, Rranglecong Hast R$ with probability going to one as the lengths of the random walks go to infinity and this subgroup is quasi-convex in $G$. Moreover, our results hold for a large class of groups acting on hyperbolic metric spaces and subgroups with quasi-convex orbits. In particular, when $G$ is the mapping class group of a surface and $H$ is a convex cocompact subgroup we show that $langle H, Rrangle$ is convex cocompact and isomorphic to $ Hast R$.
Suppose that $E$ and $E$ denote real Banach spaces with dimension at least $2$ and that $Dsubset E$ and $Dsubset E$ are domains. In this paper, we establish, in terms of the $j_D$ metric, a necessary and sufficient condition for the homeomorphism $f: E to E$ to be FQC. Moreover, we give, in terms of the $j_D$ metric, a sufficient condition for the homeomorphism $f: Dto D$ to be FQC. On the other hand, we show that this condition is not necessary.
The $Pi$-operator (Ahlfors-Beurling transform) plays an important role in solving the Beltrami equation. In this paper we define two $Pi$-operators on the n-sphere. The first spherical $Pi$-operator is shown to be an $L^2$ isometry up to isomorphism. To improve this, with the help of the spectrum of the spherical Dirac operator, the second spherical $Pi$ operator is constructed as an isometric $L^2$ operator over the sphere. Some analogous properties for both $Pi$-operators are also developed. We also study the applications of both spherical $Pi$-operators to the solution of the spherical Beltrami equations.