No Arabic abstract
We introduce a generalization of oriented tangles, which are still called tangles, so that they are in one-to-one correspondence with the sutured manifolds. We define cobordisms between sutured manifolds (tangles) by generalizing cobordisms between oriented tangles. For every commutative algebra A over Z/2Z, we define A-Tangles to be the category consisting of A-tangles, which are balanced tangles with A-colorings of the tangle strands and fixed SpinC structures, and A-cobordisms as morphisms. An A-cobordism is a cobordism with a compatible A-coloring and an affine set of SpinC structures. Associated with every A-module M we construct a functor $HF^M$ from A-Tangles to A-Modules, called the tangle Floer homology functor, where A-Modules denotes the the category of A-modules and A-homomorphisms between them. Moreover, for any A-tangle T the A-module $HF^M(T)$ is the extension of sutured Floer homology defined in an earlier work of the authors. In particular, this construction generalizes the 4-manifold invariants of Ozsvath and Szabo. Moreover, applying the above machinery to decorated cobordisms between links, we get functorial maps on link Floer homology.
We prove that the LOSS and GRID invariants of Legendrian links in knot Floer homology behave in certain functorial ways with respect to decomposable Lagrangian cobordisms in the symplectization of the standard contact structure on $mathbb{R}^3$. Our results give new, computable, and effective obstructions to the existence of such cobordisms.
We study 4-dimensional homology cobordisms without 3-handles, showing that they interact nicely with Thurston geometries, character varieties, and instanton and Heegaard Floer homologies. Using these, we derive obstructions to such cobordisms, with topological applications.
We prove that the Khovanov-Lee complex of an oriented link, L, in a thickened annulus, A x I, has the structure of a bifiltered complex whose filtered chain homotopy type is an invariant of the isotopy class of L in A x I. Using ideas of Ozsvath-Stipsicz-Szabo as reinterpreted by Livingston, we use this structure to define a family of annular Rasmussen invariants that yield information about annular and non-annular cobordisms. Focusing on the special case of annular links obtained as braid closures, we use the behavior of the annular Rasmussen invariants to obtain a necessary condition for braid quasipositivity and a sufficient condition for right-veeringness.
We define Floer homology theories for oriented, singular knots in S^3 and show that one of these theories can be defined combinatorially for planar singular knots.
We define a grid presentation for singular links i.e. links with a finite number of rigid transverse double points. Then we use it to generalize link Floer homology to singular links. Besides the consistency of its definition, we prove that this homology is acyclic under some conditions which naturally make its Euler characteristic vanish.