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Register a new userPost-AGB evolution much faster than previously thought
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Added by
Marcelo Miguel Miller Bertolami
Publication date
2016
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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For 32 central stars of PNe we present their parameters interpolated among the new evolutionary sequences. The derived stellar final masses are confined between 0.53 and 0.58 $M_odot$ in good agreement with the peak in the white dwarf mass distribution. Consequently, the inferred star formation history of the Galactic bulge is well restricted between 3 and 11 Gyr and is compatible with other published studies. The new evolutionary tracks proved a very good as a tool for analysis of late stages of stars life. The result provide a compelling confirmation of the accelerated post-AGB evolution.
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We analyze the additional effect on planetary atmospheres of recently detected gamma-ray burst afterglow photons in the range up to 1 TeV. For an Earth-like atmosphere we find that there is a small additional depletion in ozone versus that modeled for only prompt emission. We also find a small enhancement of muon flux at the planet surface. Overall, we conclude that the additional afterglow emission, even with TeV photons, does not result in a significantly larger impact over that found in past studies.
Using {it Gaia} Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) parallaxes and Bayesian inference, we infer a parallax of the Westerlund 1 (Wd1) cluster. We find a parallax of $0.34pm{0.05}$ mas corresponding to a distance of $2.8^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$ kpc. The new {it Gaia} EDR3 distance is consistent with our previous result using {it Gaia} DR2 parallaxes. This confirms that Wd1 is less massive and older than previously assumed. Compared to DR2, the EDR3 individual parallax uncertainties for each star decreased by 30%. However, the aggregate parallax uncertainty for the cluster remained the same. This suggests that the uncertainty is dominated by systematics, which is possibly due to crowding, motions within the cluster, or motions due to binary orbits.
Post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) stars with discs are all binaries. Many of these binaries have orbital periods between 100 and 1000 days so cannot have avoided mass transfer between the AGB star and its companion, likely through a common-envelope type interaction. We report on preliminary results of our project to model circumbinary discs around post-AGB stars using our binary population synthesis code binary_c. We combine a simple analytic thin-disc model with binary stellar evolution to estimate the impact of the disc on the binary, and vice versa, fast enough that we can model stellar populations and hence explore the rather uncertain parameter space involved with disc formation. We find that, provided the discs form with sufficient mass and angular momentum, and have an inner edge that is relatively close to the binary, they can both prolong the life of their parent post-AGB star and pump the eccentricity of orbits of their inner binaries.
The strong mass loss of Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) is thought to play a critical role in massive-star evolution, but their place in the evolutionary sequence remains debated. A key to understanding their peculiar instability is their high observed luminosities, which often depends on uncertain distances. Here we report direct distances and space motions of four canonical Milky Way LBVs---AG~Car, HR~Car, HD~168607, and (candidate) Hen~3-519---from the Gaia first data release. Whereas the distances of HR~Car and HD~168607 are consistent with previous literature estimates within the considerable uncertainties, Hen~3-519 and AG~Car, both at $sim$2~kpc, are much closer than the 6--8~kpc distances previously assumed. As a result, Hen~3-519 moves far from the locus of LBVs on the HR Diagram, making it a much less luminous object. For AG~Car, considered a defining example of a classical LBV, its lower luminosity would also move it off the S~Dor instability strip. Lower luminosities allow both AG~Car and Hen~3-519 to have passed through a previous red supergiant phase, lower the mass estimates for their shell nebulae, and imply that binary evolution is needed to account for their peculiarities. These results may also impact our understanding of LBVs as potential supernova progenitors and their isolated environments. Improved distances will be provided in the Gaia second data release, which will include additional LBVs. AG~Car and Hen~3-519 hint that this new information may alter our traditional view of LBVs.
Modelling dust formation in single stars evolving through the carbon-star stage of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) reproduces well the mid-infrared colours and magnitudes of most of the C-rich sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), apart from a small subset of extremely red objects (EROs). The analysis of EROs spectral energy distribution suggests the presence of large quantities of dust, which demand gas densities in the outflow significantly higher than expected from theoretical modelling. We propose that binary interaction mechanisms that involve common envelope (CE) evolution could be a possible explanation for these peculiar stars; the CE phase is favoured by the rapid growth of the stellar radius occurring after C$/$O overcomes unity. Our modelling of the dust provides results consistent with the observations for mass-loss rates $dot M sim 5times 10^{-4}~dot M/$yr, a lower limit to the rapid loss of the envelope experienced in the CE phase. We propose that EROs could possibly hide binaries of orbital periods $sim$days and are likely to be responsible for a large fraction of the dust production rate in galaxies.
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