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Register a new userEngineering single-phonon number states of a mechanical oscillator via photon subtraction
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We introduce an optomechanical scheme for the probabilistic preparation of single-phonon Fock states of mechanical modes based on photo-subtraction. The quality of the produced mechanical state is confirmed by a number of indicators, including phonon statistics and conditional fidelity. We assess the detrimental effect of parameters such as the temperature of the mechanical system and address the feasibility of the scheme with state-of-the-art technology.
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Quantum optical measurement techniques offer a rich avenue for quantum control of mechanical oscillators via cavity optomechanics. In particular, a powerful yet little explored combination utilizes optical measurements to perform heralded non-Gaussian mechanical state preparation and to determine the mechanical phase-space distribution. Here, we experimentally perform heralded single- and multi-phonon subtraction via photon counting to a room temperature mechanical thermal state with a Brillouin optomechanical system, and use optical heterodyne detection to measure the $s$-parameterized Wigner phase-space distribution of the non-Gaussian mechanical states generated. The techniques developed here will be useful for a broad range of both applied and fundamental studies that exploit quantum-state engineering and reconstruction of mechanical motional states.
We generalize a proposal for detecting single phonon transitions in a single nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) to include the intrinsic anharmonicity of each mechanical oscillator. In this scheme two NEMS oscillators are coupled via a term quadratic in the amplitude of oscillation for each oscillator. One NEMS oscillator is driven and strongly damped and becomes a transducer for phonon number in the other measured oscillator. We derive the conditions for this measurement scheme to be quantum limited and find a condition on the size of the anharmonicity. We also derive the relation between the phase diffusion back-action noise due to number measurement and the localization time for the measured system to enter a phonon number eigenstate. We relate both these time scales to the strength of the measured signal, which is an induced current proportional to the position of the readout oscillator.
Optomechanical systems typically use light to control the quantum state of a mechanical resonator. In this paper, we propose a scheme for controlling the quantum state of light using the mechanical degree of freedom as a controlled beam splitter. Preparing the mechanical resonator in non-classical states enables an optomechanical Stern-Gerlach interferometer. When the mechanical resonator has a small coherent amplitude it acts as a quantum control, entangling the optical and mechanical degrees of freedom. As the coherent amplitude of the resonator increases, we recover single photon and two-photon interference via a classically controlled beam splitter. The visibility of the two-photon interference is particularly sensitive to coherent excitations in the mechanical resonator and this could form the basis of an optically transduced weak-force sensor.
Interfacing a single photon with another quantum system is a key capability in modern quantum information science. It allows quantum states of matter, such as spin states of atoms, atomic ensembles or solids, to be prepared and manipulated by photon counting and, in particular, to be distributed over long distances. Such light-matter interfaces have become crucial to fundamental tests of quantum physics and realizations of quantum networks. Here we report non-classical correlations between single photons and phonons -- the quanta of mechanical motion -- from a nanomechanical resonator. We implement a full quantum protocol involving initialization of the resonator in its quantum ground state of motion and subsequent generation and read-out of correlated photonphonon pairs. The observed violation of a Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is clear evidence for the non-classical nature of the mechanical state generated. Our results demonstrate the availability of on-chip solid-state mechanical resonators as light-matter quantum interfaces. The performance we achieved will enable studies of macroscopic quantum phenomena as well as applications in quantum communication, as quantum memories and as quantum transducers.
Quantum blockade and entanglement play important roles in quantum information and quantum communication as quantum blockade is an effective mechanism to generate single photons (phonons) and entanglement is a crucial resource for quantum information processing. In this work, we propose a method to generate single entangled photon-phonon pairs in a hybrid optomechanical system. We show that photon blockade, phonon blockade, and photon-phonon correlation and entanglement can be observed via the atom-photon-phonon (tripartite) interaction, under the resonant atomic driving. The correlated and entangled single photons and single phonons, i.e., single entangled photon-phonon pairs, can be generated in both the weak and strong tripartite interaction regimes. Our results may have important applications in the development of highly complex quantum networks.
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