Isospin breaking effects in baryon octet (and decuplet) masses are due to a combination of up and down quark mass differences and electromagnetic effects and lead to small mass splittings. Between the Sigma and Lambda this mass splitting is much larger, this being mostly due to their different wavefunctions. However when isospin is broken, there is a mixing between between these states. We describe the formalism necessary to determine the QCD mixing matrix and hence find the mixing angle and mass splitting between the Sigma and Lambda particles due to QCD effects.
In this Reply, we respond to the above Comment. Our computation [Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 074512] only took into account pure QCD effects, arising from quark mass differences, so it is not surprising that there are discrepancies in isospin splittings and in the Sigma - Lambda mixing angle. We expect that these discrepancies will be smaller in a full calculation incorporating QED effects.
Mixing in the $Sigma^0$-$Lambda^0$ system is a direct consequence of broken isospin symmetry and is a measure of both isospin-symmetry breaking as well as general SU(3)-flavour symmetry breaking. In this work we present a new scheme for calculating the extent of $Sigma^0$-$Lambda^0$ mixing using simulations in lattice QCD+QED and perform several extrapolations that compare well with various past determinations. Our scheme allows us to easily contrast the QCD-only mixing case with the full QCD+QED mixing.
SU2 isospin breaking effects in baryon octet (and decuplet) masses are due to a combination of up and down quark mass differences and electromagnetic effects. These mass differences are small. Between the Sigma and Lambda the mass splitting is much larger, but this is mostly due to their different wavefunctions. However there is now also mixing between these states. We determine the QCD mixing matrix and hence find the mixing angle and mass splitting.
The $Sigma$--$Lambda$ mixing angle is calculated in framework of the QCD sum rules. We find that our prediction for the mixing angle is $(1.00pm 0.15)^0$ which is in good agreement with the quark model prediction, and approximately two times larger than the recent lattice QCD calculations.
Recent results from lattice QCD simulations provide a realistic picture, based upon first principles, of~$Upsilon$ physics. We combine these results with the experimentally measured mass of the $Upsilon$~meson to obtain an accurate and reliable value for the $b$-quarks pole mass. We use two different methods, each of which yields a mass consistent with $M_b = 5.0(2)$~GeV. This corresponds to a bare mass of $M_b^0 = 4.0(1)$~GeV in our lattice theory and an $msbar$~mass of $M_b^msbar(M_b)=4.0(1)$~GeV. We discuss the implications of this result for the $c$-quark mass. ******************************************************************************* THIS IS THE VERSION WHICH WILL BE PUBLISHED IN PRL. SUBSTANTIAL MATERIAL HAS BEEN ADDED, INCLUDING RESULTS WITH DYNAMICAL FERMIONS AND A CALCULATION OF THE MSBAR MASS. *******************************************************************************