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Register a new userInfluence of surfactants on the electrical resistivity and thermopower of Ni nanoparticles
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Added by
Gunadhor Okram Singh
Publication date
2014
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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Compacted pellets of nanocrystalline nickel (NC-Ni) of average particle size ranging from 18 to 33 nm were prepared using a variety of surfactants. They were characterized well and were studied on the influence of the surfactants on the electrical resistivity and thermopower in the temperature range 5 to 300 K. It was found that the type of the surfactant used dominates over the average particle size in their electrical transport and the detail transport behaviors have been discussed. Moreover, the observed thermopower and resistivity features were contrasting compared to what are normally seen in the well-known materials. They are interpreted as indicative of attractive features these surfactants for the design of nanostructured thermoelectric materials with enhanced thermoelectric figure of merits.
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The results of magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity ($rho$), heat-capacity (C) and thermopower (S) measurements on CeCuAs2, forming in ZrCuSi2-type tetragonal structure, are reported. Our investigations reveal that Ce is trivalent and there is no clear evidence for long range magnetic ordering down to 45 mK. The $rho$ behavior is notable in the sense that (i) the temperature (T)-coefficient of $rho$ is negative in the entire range of measurement (45 mK to 300 K) with large values of $rho$, while S behavior is typical of metallic Kondo lattices, and (ii) $rho$ is proportional to T-0.6 at low temperatures, without any influence on the exponent by the application of a magnetic field, which does not seem to classify this compound into hither-to-known non-Fermi liquid (NFL) systems. In contrast to the logarithmic increase known for NFL systems, C/T measured down to 0.5 K exhibits a fall below 2 K. The observed properties of this compound are unusual among Ce systems.
The influence of the surface structure and vibration mode on the resistivity of Cu films and the corresponding size effect are investigated. The temperature dependent conductivities of the films with different surface morphologies are calculated by the algorithm based upon the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method and the Greens function technique. The thermal effect is introduced by setting the atomic displacements according to the Gaussian distribution with the mean-square amplitude estimated by the Debye model. The result shows that the surface atomic vibration contributes significantly to the resistivity of the systems. Comparing the conductivities for three different vibration modes, it is suggested that freezing the surface vibration is necessary for practical applications to reduce the resistivity induced by the surface electron-phonon scattering.
We have measured the low temperature electrical resistivity of Ag : Mn mesoscopic spin glasses prepared by ion implantation with a concentration of 700 ppm. As expected, we observe a clear maximum in the resistivity (T ) at a temperature in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Moreover, we observe remanence effects at very weak magnetic fields for the resistivity below the freezing temperature Tsg: upon Field Cooling (fc), we observe clear deviations of (T ) as compared with the Zero Field Cooling (zfc); such deviations appear even for very small magnetic fields, typically in the Gauss range. This onset of remanence for very weak magnetic fields is reminiscent of the typical signature on magnetic susceptibility measurements of the spin glass transition for this generic glassy system.
Polycrystalline Yb substituted NiZn nanoferrites with the compositions of Ni0.5Zn0.5YbxFe2-xO4 (x= 0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16 and 0.20) have been synthesized using sol gel auto combustion technique. Single phase cubic spinel structure has been confirmed by the X ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Larger lattice constants of the compositions are found with increasing Yb3+ concentration while the average grain size (52 to 18 nm) has noticeable decrease as Yb3+ content is increased. The presence of all existing elements as well as the purity of the samples has also been confirmed from energy dispersive X ray spectroscopic (EDS) analysis. Frequency dependent dielectric constant, dielectric loss, dielectric relaxation time, AC and DC resistivity of the compositions have also been examined at room temperature. The DC resistivity value is found in the order of 10 to power 10 (omega-cm) which is at least four orders greater than the ferrites prepared by conventional method. This larger value of resistivity attributes due to very small grain size and successfully explained using the Verwey and deBoer hopping conduction model. The contribution of grain and grain boundary resistance has been elucidated using Cole Cole plot. The study of temperature dependent DC resistivity confirms the semiconducting nature of all titled compositions wherein bandgap (optical) increases from 2.73 eV to 3.25 eV with the increase of Yb content. The high value of resistivity is of notable achievement for the compositions that make them a potential candidate for implication in the high frequency applications where reduction of eddy current loss is highly required.
As a canonical response to the applied magnetic field, the electronic states of a metal are fundamentally reorganized into Landau levels. In Dirac metals, Landau levels can be expected without magnetic fields, provided that an inhomogeneous strain is applied to spatially modulate electron hoppings in a similar way as the Aharonov-Bohm phase. We here predict that a twisted zigzag nanoribbon of graphene exhibits strain-induced pseudo Landau levels of unexplored but analytically solvable dispersions at low energies. The presence of such dispersive pseudo Landau levels results in a negative strain resistivity characterizing the $(1+1)$-dimensional chiral anomaly if partially filled and can greatly enhance the thermopower when fully filled.
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