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Register a new userBending of light caused by gravitation: the same result via totally different philosophies
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Added by
Alexander Kholmetskii
Publication date
2014
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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We offer a concise and direct way to derive the bending angle of light (i.e. as generally called, gravitational lensing), while light grazes a star, through the approach suggested earlier by the first author, which is fundamentally based on the energy conservation law and the weak equivalence principle. We come out with the same result as that of the general theory of relativity (GTR), although the philosophies behind are totally different from each other. We emphasize that in our approach, there is no need to draw a distinction between light and ordinary matter, which makes our approach of gravity potentially compatible with quantum mechanics. Furthermore, our equation that furnishes gravitational lensing, also furnishes the result about the precession of the perihelion of a planet. The results obtained are discussed.
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In the seventies, scientists observed discrepancies of the bending of light around the Sun based on Einsteins prediction of the curvature of star light due to the mass of the Sun. We claim that the interior electromagnetic properties of the Sun influence the curvature of the light path outside the Sun as well. In this paper, we investigate the additional deflection of light in the vacuum region surrounding the Sun by its electromagnetic parameters. Starting with Maxwells equations, we show how the deflection of light passing the Sun depends on the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability of the interior of the Sun. The electromagnetic field equations in Cartesian coordinates are transformed to the ones in an appropriately chosen Riemannian space. This coordinate transform is dictated by the introduction of a refractional potential. The geodetic lines with the shortest propagation time are constructed from this potential. As far as the deflection of light propagating along these geodetic lines is concerned, we show that the existence of a refractional potential influences the light path outside any object with a typical refractive index. Our results add new aspects to the bending of star light explained by general relativity. Some astrophysical observations, which cannot be explained by gravity in a satisfactory manner, are justified by the electromagnetic model. In particular, the frequency dependency of the light deflection is discussed. We show that the additional bending due to the refractive index is proportional to the third power of the inverse distance. The general relativity predicts that the bending due to the mass is proportional to the inverse distance.
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The so-called principle of relativity is able to fix a general coordinate transformation which differs from the standard Lorentzian form only by an unknown speed which cannot in principle be identified with the light speed. Based on a reanalysis of the Michelson-Morley experiment using this extended transformation we show that such unknown speed is analytically determined regardless of the Maxwell equations and conceptual issues related to synchronization procedures, time and causality definitions. Such a result demonstrates in a pedagogical manner that the constancy of the speed of light does not need to be assumed as a basic postulate of the special relativity theory since it can be directly deduced from an optical experiment in combination with the principle of relativity. The approach presented here provides a simple and insightful derivation of the Lorentz transformations appropriated for an introductory special relativity theory course.
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