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Register a new userDedicated Indirect Searches for Dark Matter Using Antideuterons
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This white paper describes the basic idea for indirect dark matter searches using antideuterons. Low energy antideuterons produced by dark matter annihilations/decays provide an attractive dark matter signature, due to the low astrophysical background. The current and future experiments have a strong potential to detect antideuterons from dark matter. They are complementary not only with each other, but also with other dark matter searches.
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The gravitino in models with a small violation of R-parity is a well-motivated decaying dark matter candidate that leads to a cosmological scenario that is consistent with big bang nucleosynthesis and thermal leptogenesis. The gravitino lifetime is cosmologically long-lived since its decays are suppressed by the Planck-scale as well as the small R-parity violating parameter. We discuss the signals in different cosmic-ray species coming from the decay of gravitino dark matter, namely gamma rays, positrons, antiprotons, antideuterons and neutrinos. Comparison to cosmic-ray data can be used to constrain the parameters of the model.
The extragalactic dark matter (DM) annihilation signal depends on the product of the clumping factor, <delta^2>, and the velocity-weighted annihilation cross section, sigma v. This clumping factor-sigma v degeneracy can be broken by comparing DM annihilation signals from multiple sources. In particular, one can constrain the minimum DM halo mass, M_min, which depends on the mass of the DM particles and the kinetic decoupling temperature, by comparing observations of individual DM sources to the diffuse DM annihilation signal. We demonstrate this with careful semi-analytic treatments of the DM contribution to the diffuse Isotropic Gamma-Ray Background (IGRB), and compare it with two recent hints of DM from the Galactic Center, namely, ~130 GeV DM annihilating dominantly in the chichi to gammagamma channel, and (10-30) GeV DM annihilating in the chichi to bbar{b} or chichi to tau^{+}tau^{-} channels. We show that, even in the most conservative analysis, the Fermi IGRB measurement already provides interesting sensitivity. A more detailed analysis of the IGRB, with new Fermi IGRB measurements and modeling of astrophysical backgrounds, may be able to probe values of M_min up to 1 M_sun for the 130 GeV candidate and 10^{-6} M_sun for the light DM candidates. Increasing the substructure content of halos by a reasonable amount would further improve these constraints.
The astrophysics community is considering plans for a variety of gamma-ray telescopes (including ACT and GRIPS) in the energy range 1--100 MeV, which can fill in the so-called MeV gap in current sensitivity. We investigate the utility of such detectors for the study of low-mass dark matter annihilation or decay. For annihilating (decaying) dark matter with a mass below about 140 MeV (280 MeV) and couplings to first generation quarks, the final states will be dominated by photons or neutral pions, producing striking signals in gamma-ray telescopes. We determine the sensitivity of future detectors to the kinematically allowed final states. In particular, we find that planned detectors can improve on current sensitivity to this class of models by up to a few orders of magnitude.
We study high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations of Milky Way type galaxies obtained within the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE) project, and identify the those that best satisfy observational constraints on the Milky Way total stellar mass, rotation curve, and galaxy shape. Contrary to mock galaxies selected on the basis of their total virial mass, the Milky Way analogues so identified consistently exhibit very similar dark matter profiles inside the solar circle, therefore enabling more accurate predictions for indirect dark matter searches. We find in particular that high resolution simulated haloes satisfying observational constraints exhibit, within the inner few kiloparsecs, dark matter profiles shallower than those required to explain the so-called Fermi GeV excess via dark matter annihilation.
High to ultrahigh energy neutrino detectors can uniquely probe the properties of dark matter $chi$ by searching for the secondary products produced through annihilation and/or decay processes. We evaluate the sensitivities to dark matter thermally averaged annihilation cross section $langlesigma vrangle$ and partial decay width into neutrinos $Gamma_{chirightarrow ubar{ u}}$ (in the mass scale $10^7 leq m_chi/{rm GeV} leq 10^{15}$) for next generation observatories like POEMMA and GRAND. We show that in the range $ 10^7 leq m_chi/{rm GeV} leq 10^{11}$, space-based Cherenkov detectors like POEMMA have the advantage of full-sky coverage and rapid slewing, enabling an optimized dark matter observation strategy focusing on the Galactic center. We also show that ground-based radio detectors such as GRAND can achieve high sensitivities and high duty cycles in radio quiet areas. We compare the sensitivities of next generation neutrino experiments with existing constraints from IceCube and updated 90% C.L. upper limits on $langlesigma vrangle$ and $Gamma_{chirightarrow ubar{ u}}$ using results from the Pierre Auger Collaboration and ANITA. We show that in the range $ 10^7 leq m_chi/{rm GeV} leq 10^{11}$ POEMMA and GRAND10k will improve the neutrino sensitivity to particle dark matter by factors of 2 to 10 over existing limits, whereas GRAND200k will improve this sensitivity by two orders of magnitude. In the range $10^{11} leq m_chi/{rm GeV} leq 10^{15}$, POEMMAs fluorescence observation mode will achieve an unprecedented sensitivity to dark matter properties. Finally, we highlight the importance of the uncertainties related to the dark matter distribution in the Galactic halo, using the latest fit and estimates of the Galactic parameters.
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