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Register a new userA compact steep spectrum radio source in NGC1977
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Authors
D. Anish Roshi
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A compact steep spectrum radio source (J0535-0452) is located in the sky coincident with a bright optical rim in the HII region NGC1977. J0535-0452 is observed to be $leq 100$ mas in angular size at 8.44 GHz. The spectrum for the radio source is steep and straight with a spectral index of -1.3 between 330 and 8440 MHz. No 2 mu m IR counter part for the source is detected. These characteristics indicate that the source may be either a rare high redshift radio galaxy or a millisecond pulsar (MSP). Here we investigate whether the steep spectrum source is a millisecond pulsar.The optical rim is believed to be the interface between the HII region and the adjacent molecular cloud. If the compact source is a millisecond pulsar, it would have eluded detection in previous pulsar surveys because of the extreme scattering due to the HII region--molecular cloud interface. The limits obtained on the angular broadening along with the distance to the scattering screen are used to estimate the pulse broadening. The pulse broadening is shown to be less than a few msec at frequencies $gtsim$ 5 GHz. We therefore searched for pulsed emission from J0535-0452 at 14.8 and 4.8 GHz with the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). No pulsed emission is detected to 55 and 30 mu Jy level at 4.8 and 14.8 GHz. Based on the parameter space explored by our pulsar search algorithm, we conclude that, if J0535-0452 is a pulsar, then it could only be a binary MSP of orbital period $ltsim$ 5 hrs.
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Compact steep-spectrum (CSS) and peaked spectrum (PS) radio sources are compact, powerful radio sources. The multi-frequency observational properties and current theories are reviewed with emphasis on developments since the earlier review of ODea (1998). There are three main hypotheses for the nature of PS and CSS sources. (1) The PS sources might be very young radio galaxies which will evolve into CSS sources on their way to becoming large radio galaxies. (2) The PS and CSS sources might be compact because they are confined (and enhanced in radio power) by interaction with dense gas in their environments. (3) Alternately, the PS sources might be transient or intermittent sources. Each of these hypotheses may apply to individual objects. The relative number in each population will have significant implications for the radio galaxy paradigm. Proper motion studies over long time baselines have helped determine hotspot speeds for over three dozen sources and establish that these are young objects. Multifrequency polarization observations have demonstrated that many CSS/PS sources are embedded in a dense interstellar medium and vigorously interacting with it. The detection of emission line gas aligned with the radio source, and blue-shifted HI absorption and [OIII] emission lines indicates that AGN feedback is present in these objects -- possibly driven by the radio source. CSS/PS sources with evidence of episodic AGN over a large range of time-scales have been discussed. The review closes with a discussion of open questions and prospects for the future.
We present the results of 5 GHz VLBI observations of a compact steep spectrum source 3C 138. The data are consistent with the western end being the location of the central activity. The observed offset between different frequencies in the central region of 3C 138 can be accounted for by a frequency dependent shift of the synchrotron self-absorbed core. Our new measurements confirm the existence of a superluminal motion, but its apparent velocity of 3.3c is three times slower than the reported one. This value is consistent with the absence of parsec-scale counter-jet emission in the inner region, but seems still too high to allow the overall counter-jet to be seen in terms of Doppler boosting of an intrinsically identical jet. Either an interaction of jet with central dense medium, or an intrinsically asymmetrical jet must be invoked to reconcile the detected superluminal speed with the observed large scale asymmetry in 3C 138.
Compact steep spectrum (CSS) and GHz-peaked spectrum (GPS) radio sources represent a large fraction of the extragalactic objects in flux density-limited samples. They are compact, powerful radio sources whose synchrotron peak frequency ranges between a few hundred MHz to several GHz. CSS and GPS radio sources are currently interpreted as objects in which the radio emission is in an early evolutionary stage. In this contribution I review the radio properties and the physical characteristics of this class of radio sources, and the interplay between their radio emission and the ambient medium of the host galaxy.
We present BVRIK images and spectroscopic observations of the z=0.17 host galaxy of the compact steep-spectrum radio source MRC B1221-423. This is a young (~1e5 yr) radio source with double lobes lying well within the visible galaxy. The host galaxy is undergoing tidal interaction with a nearby companion, with shells, tidal tails, and knotty star-forming regions all visible. We analyse the images of the galaxy and its companion pixel-by-pixel, first using colour-magnitude diagrams, and then fitting stellar population models to the spectral energy distributions of each pixel. The pixels separate cleanly in colour-magnitude diagrams, with pixels of different colours occupying distinct regions of the host galaxy and its companion. We find three distinct groups of ages: an old population in the outskirts of the host galaxy; an intermediate-age population around the nucleus and tidal tail, and a young population in the nucleus and blue knots. The correlation of age with position suggests the two most recent episodes were triggered by tidal interactions with the companion galaxy. The evidence points to the AGN in the centre of B1221-423 having been caught in the act of ignition. However, none of the components we have identified is as young as the radio source, implying that the delay between the interaction and the triggering of the AGN is at least 300 My.
We report on the discovery of a mysterious ultra-steep spectrum (USS) synchrotron source in the galaxy cluster Abell 2877. We have observed the source with the Murchison Widefield Array at five frequencies across 72-231 MHz and have found the source to exhibit strong spectral curvature over this range as well the steepest known spectra of a synchrotron cluster source, with a spectral index across the central three frequency bands of $alpha = -5.97^{+0.40}_{-0.48}$. Higher frequency radio observations, including a deep observation with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, fail to detect any of the extended diffuse emission. The source is approximately 370 kpc wide and bears an uncanny resemblance to a jellyfish with two peaks of emission and long tentacles descending south towards the cluster centre. Whilst the `USS Jellyfish defies easy classification, we here propose that the phenomenon is caused by the reacceleration and compression of multiple aged electron populations from historic active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, so-called `radio phoenix, by an as yet undetected weak cluster-scale mechanism. The USS Jellyfish adds to a growing number of radio phoenix in cool-core clusters with unknown reacceleration mechanisms; as the first example of a polyphoenix, however, this implies the mechanism is on the scale of the cluster itself. Indeed, we show that in simulations, emission akin to the USS Jellyfish can be produced as a short-lived, transient phase in the evolution of multiple interacting AGN remnants when subject to weak external shocks.
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