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Register a new userA Comparative Numerical Study on GEM, MHSP and MSGC
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In this work, we have tried to develop a detailed understanding of the physical processes occurring in those variants of Micro Pattern Gas Detectors (MPGDs) that share micro hole and micro strip geometry, like GEM, MHSP and MSGC etc. Some of the important and fundamental characteristics of these detectors such as gain, transparency, efficiency and their operational dependence on different device parameters have been estimated following detailed numerical simulation of the detector dynamics. We have used a relatively new simulation framework developed especially for the MPGDs that combines packages such as GARFIELD, neBEM, MAGBOLTZ and HEED. The results compare closely with the available experimental data. This suggests the efficacy of the framework to model the intricacies of these micro-structured detectors in addition to providing insight into their inherent complex dynamical processes.
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We report on the progress in the study of cascaded GEM and GEM/MHSP gas avalanche photomultipliers operating at atmospheric pressure, with CsI and bialkali photocathodes. They have single-photon sensitivity, ns time resolution and good localization properties. We summarize operational aspects and results, with the highlight of a high-gain stable gated operation of a visible-light device. Of particular importance are the results of a recent ion-backflow reduction study in different cascaded multipliers, affecting the detectors stability and the photocathodes liftime. We report on the significant progress in ion-blocking and provide first results on bialkali-photocathode aging under gas multiplication.
Electroluminescence produced during avalanche development in gaseous avalanche detectors is an useful information for triggering, calorimetry and tracking in gaseous detectors. Noble gases present high electroluminescence yields, emitting mainly in the VUV region. The photons can provide signal readout if appropriate photosensors are used. Micropattern gaseous detectors are good candidates for signal amplification in high background and/or low rate experiments due to their high electroluminescence yields and radiopurity. In this work, the VUV light responses of the Gas Electron Multiplier and of the Micro-Hole Strip Plate, working with pure xenon, are simulated and studied in detail using a new and versatile C++ toolkit. It is shown that the solid angle subtended by a photosensor placed below the microstructures depends on the operating conditions. The obtained absolute EL yields, determined for different gas pressures and as functions of the applied voltage, are compared with those determined experimentally.
We present results from our recent investigations on detectors comprising cascaded gas electron multipliers (GEM) and cascaded GEMs with micro-hole and strip (MHSP) electrodes. We discuss the factors governing the operation of these fast radiation imaging detectors, that have single-charge sensitivity. The issue of ion-backflow and ion-induced secondary effects is discussed in some detail, presenting ways for its reduction and suppression. Applications are presented in the fields of photon imaging in the UV-to-visible spectral range as well as x-ray and neutron imaging.
The first successful attempts to optimize the electric field in Resistive Microstrip Gas Chamber (RMSGC) using additional field shaping strips located inside the detector substrate are described.
Due to their simplicity and versatility of design, straight strip or rectangular pad anode structures are frequently employed with micro-pattern gas detectors to reconstruct high precision space points for various tracking applications. The particle impact point is typically determined by interpolating the charge collected by several neighboring pads. However, to effectively extract the inherent positional information, the lateral spacing of the straight pads must be significantly smaller than the extent of the charge cloud. In contrast, highly interleaved anode patterns, such as zigzags, can adequately sample the charge with a pitch comparable to the size of the charge cloud or even larger. This has the considerable advantage of providing the same performance while requiring far fewer instrumented channels. Additionally, the geometric parameters defining such zigzag structures may be tuned to provide a uniform detector response without the need for so-called pad response functions, while simultaneously maintaining excellent position resolution. We have measured the position resolution of a variety of zigzag shaped anode patterns optimized for various MPGDs, including GEM, Micromegas, and micro-RWELL and compared this performance to the same detectors equipped with straight pads of varying pitch. We report on the performance results of each readout structure, evaluated under identical conditions in a test beam.
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