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Register a new userNeutron energy spectrum from 120 GeV protons on a thick copper target
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Authors
Nobuhiro Shigyo
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Neutron energy spectrum from 120 GeV protons on a thick copper target was measured at the Meson Test Beam Facility (MTBF) at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The data allows for evaluation of neutron production process implemented in theoretical simulation codes. It also helps exploring the reasons for some disagreement between calculation results and shielding benchmark data taken at high energy accelerator facilities, since it is evaluated separately from neutron transport. The experiment was carried out using a 120 GeV proton beam of 3E5 protons/spill. Since the spill duration was 4 seconds, proton-induced events were counted pulse by pulse. The intensity was maintained using diffusers and collimators installed in the beam line to MTBF. The protons hit a copper block target the size of which is 5cm x 5cm x 60 cm long. The neutrons produced in the target were measured using NE213 liquid scintillator detectors, placed about 5.5 m away from the target at 30^{circ} and 5 m 90^{circ} with respect to the proton beam axis. The neutron energy was determined by time-of-flight technique using timing difference between the NE213 and a plastic scintillator located just before the target. Neutron detection efficiency of NE213 was determined on basis of experimental data from the high energy neutron beam line at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The neutron spectrum was compared with the results of multi-particle transport codes to validate the implemented theoretical models. The apparatus would be applied to future measurements to obtain a systematic data set for secondary particle production on various target materials.
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The SPIN@FERMI collaboration has updated its 1991-95 Reports on the acceleration of polarized protons in Fermilabs Main Injector, which was commissioned by Fermilab. This Updated Report summarizes some updated Physics Goals for a 120-150 GeV/c polarized proton beam. It also contains an updated discussion of the Modifications and Hardware needed for a polarized beam in the Main Injector, along with an updated Schedule and Budget.
The experiment described in this paper is the first study of the response of a static tungsten powder sample to an impinging high energy proton beam pulse. The experiment was carried out at the HiRadMat facility at CERN. Observations include high speed videos of a proton beam induced perturbation of the powder sample as well as data from a laser Doppler vibrometer measuring the oscillations of the powder container. A comparison with a previous analogous experiment which studied a proton beam interaction with mercury is made
A fast-switching, high-repetition-rate magnet and power supply have been developed for and operated at TRIUMF, to deliver a proton beam to the new ultracold neutron (UCN) facility. The facility possesses unique operational requirements: a time-averaged beam current of 40~$mu$A with the ability to switch the beam on or off for several minutes. These requirements are in conflict with the typical operation mode of the TRIUMF cyclotron which delivers nearly continuous beam to multiple users. To enable the creation of the UCN facility, a beam-sharing arrangement with another facility was made. The beam sharing is accomplished by the fast-switching (kicker) magnet which is ramped in 50~$mu$s to a current of 193~A, held there for approximately 1~ms, then ramped down in the same short period of time. This achieves a 12~mrad deflection which is sufficient to switch the proton beam between the two facilities. The kicker magnet relies on a high-current, low-inductance coil connected to a fast-switching power supply that is based on insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The design and performance of the kicker magnet system and initial beam delivery results are reported.
In an antiproton production (Pbar) target station of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), the secondary particles produced by bombarding a target with 120-GeV protons are shielded by a thick iron shield. In order to obtain experimental data on high-energy neutron transport at more than 100-GeV-proton accelerator facilities, we indirectly measured more than 100-MeV neutrons at the outside of the iron shield at an angle of 50{deg} in the Pbar target station. The measurement was performed by using the Au activation method coupled with a low-background {gamma}-ray counting system. As an indicator for the neutron flux, we determined the production rates of 8 spallation nuclides (196-Au, 188-Pt, 189-Ir, 185-Os, 175-Hf, 173-Lu, 171-Lu, and 169-Yb) in the Au activation detector. The measured production rates were compared with the theoretical production rates calculated using PHITS. We proved that the Au activation method can serve as a powerful tool for indirect measurements of more than 100-MeV neutrons that play a vital role in neutron transport. These results will be important for clarifying the problems in theoretical calculations of high-energy neutron transport.
The repeated passage of a coasting ion beam of a storage ring through a thin target induces a shift in the revolution frequency due to the energy loss in the target. Since the frequency shift is proportional to the beam-target overlap, its measurement offers the possibility of determining the target thickness and hence the corresponding luminosity in an experiment. This effect has been investigated with an internal proton beam of energy 2.65 GeV at the COSY-Julich accelerator using the ANKE spectrometer and a hydrogen cluster-jet target. Possible sources of error, especially those arising from the influence of residual gas in the ring, were carefully studied, resulting in a accuracy of better than 5%. The luminosity determined in this way was used, in conjunction with measurements in the ANKE forward detector, to determine the cross section for elastic proton-proton scattering. The result is compared to published data as well as to the predictions of a phase shift solution. The practicability and the limitations of the energy-loss method are discussed.
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