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Register a new userAtom reflection echoes and surface matter waves in atom meta-optics
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Evanescent matter-waves produced by an atom wave packet incident onto a repulsive barrier edge can be back-refracted and reconstructed by the application of negative-index comoving potential pulses. One shows that those collapses and revivals of evanescent matter waves give rise to surface matter waves and should be observable via atom reflection echoes issued from the barrier interface. This property, together with the property of inducing negative refraction, makes such potentials the matter-wave counterpart of negative-index materials in light optics.
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We give a comprehensive overview of the development of micro traps, from the first experiments on guiding atoms using current carrying wires in the early 1990s to the creation of a BEC on an atom chip.
We report on the observation of emerging beam resonances, well known as Rayleigh-Wood anomalies and threshold resonances in photon and electron diffraction, respectively, in an atom-optical diffraction experiment. Diffraction of He atom beams reflected from a blazed ruled grating at grazing incidence has been investigated. The total reflectivity of the grating as well as the intensities of the diffracted beams reveal anomalies at the Rayleigh angles of incidence, i.e., when another diffracted beam merges parallel to the grating surface. The observed anomalies are discussed in terms of the classical wave-optical model of Rayleigh and Fano.
In the field of atom optics, the basis of many experiments is a two level atom coupled to a light field. The evolution of this system is governed by a master equation. The irreversible components of this master equation describe the spontaneous emission of photons from the atom. For many applications, it is necessary to minimize the effect of this irreversible evolution. This can be achieved by having a far detuned light field. The drawback of this regime is that making the detuning very large makes the timestep required to solve the master equation very small, much smaller than the timescale of any significant evolution. This makes the problem very numerically intensive. For this reason, approximations are used to simulate the master equation which are more numerically tractable to solve. This paper analyses four approximations: The standard adiabatic approximation; a more sophisticated adiabatic approximation (not used before); a secular approximation; and a fully quantum dressed-state approximation. The advantages and disadvantages of each are investigated with respect to accuracy, complexity and the resources required to simulate. In a parameter regime of particular experimental interest, only the sophisticated adiabatic and dressed-state approximations agree well with the exact evolution.
This is a pre-publication version of a forthcoming book on quantum atom optics. It is written as a senior undergraduate to junior graduate level textbook, assuming knowledge of basic quantum mechanics, and covers the basic principles of neutral atom matter wave systems with an emphasis on quantum technology applications. The topics covered include: introduction to second quantization of many-body systems, Bose-Einstein condensation, the order parameter and Gross-Pitaevskii equation, spin dynamics of atoms, spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, atom diffraction, atomic interferometry beyond the standard limit, quantum simulation, squeezing and entanglement with atomic ensembles, quantum information with atomic ensembles. This book would suit students who wish to obtain the necessary skills for working with neutral atom many-body atomic systems, or could be used as a text for an undergraduate or graduate level course (exercises are included throughout). This is a near-final draft of the book, but inevitably errors may be present. If any errors are found, we welcome you to contact us and it will be corrected before publication. (TB: tim.byrnes[at]nyu.edu, EI: ebube[at]nyu.edu)
We propose new multi-dimensional atom optics that can create coherent superpositions of atomic wavepackets along three spatial directions. These tools can be used to generate light-pulse atom interferometers that are simultaneously sensitive to the three components of acceleration and rotation, and we discuss how to isolate these inertial components in a single experimental shot. We also present a new type of atomic gyroscope that is insensitive to parasitic accelerations and initial velocities. The ability to measure the full acceleration and rotation vectors with a compact, high-precision, low-bias inertial sensor could strongly impact the fields of inertial navigation, gravity gradiometry, and gyroscopy.
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