No Arabic abstract
In the experiments on stress-induced phase transitions in SMA strips, several interesting instability phenomena have been observed, including a necking-type instability, a shear-type instability and an orientation instability. By using the smallness of the maximum strain, the thickness and width of the strip, we use a methodology, which combines series expansions and asymptotic expansions, to derive the asymptotic normal form equations, which can yield the leading-order behavior of the original three-dimensional field equations. Our analytical results reveal that the inclination of the phase front is a phenomenon of localization-induced buckling (or phase-transition-induced buckling as the localization is caused by the phase transition). Due to the similarities between the development of the Luders band in a mild steel and the stress-induced transformations in a SMA, the present results give a strong analytical evidence that the former is also caused by macroscopic effects instead of microscopic effects. Our analytical results also reveal more explicitly the important roles played by the geometrical parameters.
Complementary media (CM) interacting with arbitrarily situated obstacles are usually less discussed. In this paper, an analytical framework based on multiple scattering theory is established for analyzing such a mismatched case. As examples, CM-based devices, i.e., a superlens and superscatterer, are discussed. From an analysis, the cancellation mechanism of the mismatched CM is studied. In addition, numerical results are provided for illustration. Moreover, further study shows that such cancellation effects might rely on specific conditions. Actually, the conclusions are not restricted to any specific frequencies; they could be extended to many other areas including applications to active cloaking, antennas, and wireless power transfer.
An analytical representation for the spatial and temporal dynamics of the simplest of the diffusions -- Bronwian diffusion in an homogeneous slab geometry, with radial symmetry -- is presented. This representation is useful since it describes the time-resolved (as well as stationary) radial profiles, for point-like external excitation, which are more important in practical experimental situations than the case of plane-wave external excitation. The analytical representation can be used, under linear system response conditions, to obtain the full dynamics for any spatial and temporal profiles of initial perturbation of the system. Its main value is the quantitative accounting of absorption in the spatial distributions. This can contribute to obtain unambiguous conclusions in reports of Anderson localization of classical waves in three dimensions.
Three objections to the canonical analytical treatment of covariant electromagnetic theory are presented: (i) only half of Maxwells equations are present upon variation of the fundamental Lagrangian; (ii) the trace of the canonical energy-momentum tensor is not equivalent to the trace of the observed energy-momentum tensor; (iii) the Belinfante symmetrization procedure exists separate from the analytical approach in order to obtain the known observed result. It is shown that the analytical construction from Noethers theorem is based on manipulations that were developed to obtain the compact forms of the theory presented by Minkowski and Einstein; presentations which were developed before the existence of Noethers theorem. By reformulating the fundamental Lagrangian, all of the objections are simultaneously relieved. Variation of the proposed Lagrangian yields the complete set of Maxwells equations in the Euler-Lagrange equation of motion, and the observed energy-momentum tensor directly follows from Noethers theorem. Previously unavailable symmetries and identities that follow naturally from this procedure are also discussed.
The goal of this paper is to present a previously published work [1] in an errorless form. The work has studied the scattering of electromagnetic plane wave by an impedance strip placed in homogeneous isotropic chiral medium using Kobayashi Potential (KP) method; that has been an important, valuable and attractive investigation in the electromagnetic scattering, especially in KP method. Unfortunately, the study has some basic errors that prevent interesting readers from understanding the investigation. Finally, the formulation of this paper is validated by [2].
In this paper we report on 2D numerical simulations concerning linear and nonlinear evolution of surface-tension-driven instability in two-fluid systems heated from below using classical and phase-field models. In the phase-field formalism, one introduces an order parameter called phase-field function to characterize thermodynamically the phases. All the system parameters are assumed to vary continuously from one fluid bulk to another (as linear functions of the phase-field). The Navier-Stokes equation (with some extra terms) and the heat equation are written only once for the whole system. The evolution of the phase-field is described by the Cahn-Hilliard equation. In the sharp-interface limit the results found by the phase-field formalism recover the results given by the classical formulation.