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Register a new userRecover plaintext attack to block ciphers
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Added by
An-Ping Li
Publication date
2008
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
An-Ping Li
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No Arabic abstract
we will present an estimation for the upper-bound of the amount of 16-bytes plaintexts for English texts, which indicates that the block ciphers with block length no more than 16-bytes will be subject to recover plaintext attacks in the occasions of plaintext -known or plaintext-chosen attacks.
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In this paper, we propose a known-plaintext attack (KPA) method based on deep learning for traditional chaotic encryption scheme. We employ the convolutional neural network to learn the operation mechanism of chaotic cryptosystem, and accept the trained network as the final decryption system. To evaluate the attack performance of different networks on different chaotic cryptosystem, we adopt two neural networks to perform known-plaintext attacks on two distinct chaotic encryption schemes. The experimental results demonstrate the potential of deep learning-based method for known-plaintext attack against chaotic cryptosystem. Different from the previous known-plaintext attack methods, which were usually limited to a specific chaotic cryptosystem, a neural network can be applied to the cryptanalysis of various chaotic cryptosystems with deep learning-based approach, while several different networks can be designed for the cryptanalysis of chaotic cryptosystems. This paper provides a new idea for the cryptanalysis of chaotic image encryption algorithm.
We cast encryption via classical block ciphers in terms of operator spreading in a dual space of Pauli strings, a formulation which allows us to characterize classical ciphers by using tools well known in the analysis of quantum many-body systems. We connect plaintext and ciphertext attacks to out-of-time order correlators (OTOCs) and quantify the quality of ciphers using measures of delocalization in string space such as participation ratios and corresponding entropies obtained from the wave function amplitudes in string space. In particular, we show that in Feistel ciphers the entropy saturates its bound to exponential precision for ciphers with 4 or more rounds, consistent with the classic Luby-Rackoff result. The saturation of the string-space information entropy is accompanied by the vanishing of OTOCs. Together these signal irreversibility and chaos, which we take to be the defining properties of good classical ciphers. More precisely, we define a good cipher by requiring that the saturation of the entropy and the vanishing of OTOCs occurs to super-polynomial precision, implying that the cipher cannot be distinguished from a pseudorandom permutation with a polynomial number of queries. We argue that this criterion can be satisfied by $n$-bit block ciphers implemented via random reversible circuits with ${cal O}(n log n)$ gates. These circuits are composed of layers of $n/3$ non-overlapping non-local random 3-bit gates. In order to reach this speed limit we employ a two-stage circuit: this first stage deploys a set of linear inflationary gates that accelerate the growth of small individual strings; followed by a second stage implemented via universal gates that exponentially proliferate the number of macroscopic strings. We suggest that this two-stage construction would result in the scrambling of quantum states to similar precision and with circuits of similar size.
Since the first appearance in Fridrichs design, the usage of permutation-diffusion structure for designing digital image cryptosystem has been receiving increasing research attention in the field of chaos-based cryptography. Recently, a novel chaotic Image Cipher using one round Modified Permutation-Diffusion pattern (ICMPD) was proposed. Unlike traditional permutation-diffusion structure, the permutation is operated on bit level instead of pixel level and the diffusion is operated on masked pixels, which are obtained by carrying out the classical affine cipher, instead of plain pixels in ICMPD. Following a textit{divide-and-conquer strategy}, this paper reports that ICMPD can be compromised by a chosen-plaintext attack efficiently and the involved data complexity is linear to the size of the plain-image. Moreover, the relationship between the cryptographic kernel at the diffusion stage of ICMPD and modulo addition then XORing is explored thoroughly.
The group generated by the round functions of a block ciphers is a widely investigated problem. We identify a large class of block ciphers for which such group is easily guaranteed to be primitive. Our class includes the AES and the SERPENT.
Bitcoin was recently introduced as a peer-to-peer electronic currency in order to facilitate transactions outside the traditional financial system. The core of Bitcoin, the Blockchain, is the history of the transactions in the system maintained by all miners as a distributed shared register. New blocks in the Blockchain contain the last transactions in the system and are added by miners after a block mining process that consists in solving a resource consuming proof-of-work (cryptographic puzzle). The reward is a motivation for mining process but also could be an incentive for attacks such as selfish mining. In this paper we propose a solution for one of the major problems in Bitcoin : selfish mining or block-withholding attack. This attack is conducted by adversarial or selfish miners in order to either earn undue rewards or waste the computational power of honest miners. Contrary to recent solutions, our solution, ZeroBlock, prevents block-withholding using a technique free of timestamp that can be forged. Moreover, we show that our solution is compliant with nodes churn.
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