We explicitly construct two classes of infinitly many commutative operators in terms of the deformed W-algebra $W_{qt}(sl_N^)$, and give proofs of the commutation relations of these operators. We call one of them local integrals of motion and the other nonlocal one, since they can be regarded as elliptic deformation of local and nonlocal integrals of motion for the $W_N$ algebra.
We explicitly construct two classes of infinitly many commutative operators in terms of the deformed Virasoro algebra. We call one of them local integrals and the other nonlocal one, since they can be regarded as elliptic deformations of the local and nonlocal integrals of motion obtained by V.Bazhanov, S.Lukyanov and Al.Zamolodchikov.
The formalism of SUSYQM (SUperSYmmetric Quantum Mechanics) is properly modified in such a way to be suitable for the description and the solution of a classical maximally superintegrable Hamiltonian System, the so-called Taub-Nut system, associated with the Hamiltonian: $$ mathcal{H}_eta ({mathbf{q}}, {mathbf{p}}) = mathcal{T}_eta ({mathbf{q}}, {mathbf{p}}) + mathcal{U}_eta({mathbf{q}}) = frac{|{mathbf{q}}| {mathbf{p}}^2}{2m(eta + |{mathbf{q}}|)} - frac{k}{eta + |{mathbf{q}}|} quad (k>0, eta>0) , .$$ In full agreement with the results recently derived by A. Ballesteros et al. for the quantum case, we show that the classical Taub-Nut system shares a number of essential features with the Kepler system, that is just its Euclidean version arising in the limit $eta to 0$, and for which a SUSYQM approach has been recently introduced by S. Kuru and J. Negro. In particular, for positive $eta$ and negative energy the motion is always periodic; it turns out that the period depends upon $ eta$ and goes to the Euclidean value as $eta to 0$. Moreover, the maximal superintegrability is preserved by the $eta$-deformation, due to the existence of a larger symmetry group related to an $eta$-deformed Runge-Lenz vector, which ensures that in $mathbb{R}^3$ closed orbits are again ellipses. In this context, a deformed version of the third Keplers law is also recovered. The closing section is devoted to a discussion of the $eta<0$ case, where new and partly unexpected features arise.
Conditions for the appearance of topological charges are studied in the framework of the universal C*-algebra of the electromagnetic field, which is represented in any theory describing electromagnetism. It is shown that non-trivial topological charges, described by pairs of fields localised in certain topologically non-trivial spacelike separated regions, can appear in regular representations of the algebra only if the fields depend non-linearly on the mollifying test functions. On the other hand, examples of regular vacuum representations with non-trivial topological charges are constructed, where the underlying field still satisfies a weakened form of spacelike linearity. Such representations also appear in the presence of electric currents. The status of topological charges in theories with several types of electromagnetic fields, which appear in the short distance (scaling) limit of asymptotically free non-abelian gauge theories, is also briefly discussed.
We provide a purely variational proof of the existence of eigenvalues below the bottom of the essential spectrum for the Schrodinger operator with an attractive $delta$-potential supported by a star graph, i.e. by a finite union of rays emanating from the same point. In contrast to the previous works, the construction is valid without any additional assumption on the number or the relative position of the rays. The approach is used to obtain an upper bound for the lowest eigenvalue.
In this paper we prove that the generating series of the Hodge integrals over the moduli space of stable curves is a solution of a certain deformation of the KdV hierarchy. This hierarchy is constructed in the framework of the Dubrovin-Zhang theory of the hierarchies of the topological type. It occurs that our deformation of the KdV hierarchy is closely related to the hierarchy of the Intermediate Long Wave equation.
T. Kojima
,J. Shiraishi
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(2007)
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"The Integrals of Motion for the Deformed W-Algebra $W_{qt}(sl_N^)$ II: Proof of the commutation relations"
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Takeo Kojima
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