Cancer is generally causing a second death after heart and blood vessels in the
developed countries diseases is cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among
women in developed and developing countries and is considered the early detection o
f
cervical cancer is a very important factor in the increase cure rate and the rate of survival,
and the most important ways screening Pap smear to detect abnormal changes in cervical
tissue and recommended to initiate it every three years for women in the age of sexual
activity and is an easy and inexpensive and painless, and high sensitivity and contributes to
reducing the burden treatment and reduce the deaths and morbidity rate., according to
several studies there are many obstacles that prevent it, including the lack of information,,
difficulty of access to hospitals, pain, cost, side effects, feeling of shame and
embarrassment of procedure, lack of encouragement by the health team, or the husband,
not feeling any symptoms paid to conduct the examination, and the fear of discovery of the
cancer . the importance of this study was to find out the obstacles that limit the conduct
smear screening in the Syrian society and propose appropriate solutions in addition to that
not conducted any study in this area in Syria this research was conducted on a sample of
100 married woman of tishreen University Hospital in Latakia in manner convenient
sampling. The results showed that the majority of respondents (80%) did not undergo the
smear examination, and that the majority of the respondents (93.75%) who did not undergo
the smear examination was due to the lack of women's problem to have, and it was the
reason (75%) of cases they fear the cancer is detected and 85% of them feel ashamed and
embarrassed of the vote and (12.5%) do not have the time to conduct and (62.5 %) they
believe that the procedure is painless and (90%) was the lack of encouragement from the
doctors and nurses and the proportion (87.5%) was the lack of information about the
procedure,
Therefore proposed design and implementation of educational programs about the
importance , benefits and methode of screening.
The research was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Al-Assad university hospital in Lattakia in the period between (1/1/2014) – (30/6/2015). The study included (100) patient, who submitted to colposcopy and Papanicolaou smear
to detect the effect of early marriage (early onset of sexual activity) on colposcopic and cellular finding in cervix . The results in (early married women) group (50) patient were compared to control group from patients who (not early married women)group (50) patient. We found that there was important difference in the rate of abnormal colposcopic findings : This rate in early married women was (26%) and in the second was (12%). We also found that there was important difference in the rate of abnormal cellular findings: This rate in early married women was (18%) and in the second was (8%). This assure the effect of early onset of sexual activity (early marriage) on colposcopical and cellular finding in cervix with assuring on the importance of frequent colposcopy and Papanicolaou smear test.
This research was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Alassad Hospital of Tishreen University in Lattakia in the period between 5th of Jan 2012 to 1st of Aug 2013. The sample tested was divided into two groups: 100 pregnant
women, and 50 not pregnant.
The study showed that the ratio of the sensitivity of Pap test in pregnancy was 100%, and its quality was 76.74%. The Compatibility with overall histological diagnosis was 79.38%.
However, the ratio of the sensitivity of Colposcopy was 90.91% and its quality was 76.74%. The Compatibility with overall histological diagnosis was 78.35%.
Thus we conclude that both Pap Smear and colposcopy are safe and good scanning tools. They can be used in the preliminary prognosis for carcinomatous and precarcinomatous tumors through the duration of pregnancy.
