Extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has failed to manage renal
stones > 2cm in diameter. Percutaneous nephrolothotomy lithotripsy (PCNL) has proved to be a very
effective alternative. This study is the first study in Syria about PCNL, ref
lecting our own experience.
To review and to evaluate the results of percutaneous lithotripsy (PCNL) for kidney stones, especially in
regard of indications, steps of the procedures and possible complications.
