In this paper, ground surface settlement induced by tunneling have been studied
using 2D finite element analysis. By assuming greenfield conditions, which means that
there is no loads on the soil surface above the tunnel.
A FE study was conducted
in which an elasto-plastic constitutive model was adopted
to model the soil behavior (MC,HS).
This paper include Comparison between actual field measurements with (FEM)
results, and parametric study for the most factors that influence ground surface settlement.
