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Ferroelectric random access memory cells (FeRAMs) have reached 450 x 400 nm production (0.18 micron^2) at Samsung with lead zirconate-titanate (PZT), 0.13 micron^2 at Matsushita with strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT), and comparable sizes at Fujitsu with BiFeO3. However, in order to increase storage density, the industry roadmap requires by 2010 that such planar devices be replaced with three-dimensional structures. Unfortunately, little is known yet about even such basic questions as the domain scaling of 3-d nanodevices, as opposed to 2-d thin films. Here we report the experimental measurement of nano-domains in ferroelectric nanocolumns, together with a theory of domain size in 3-d structures which explains the observations.
Freestanding BaTiO3 nanodots exhibit domain structures characterized by distinct quadrants of ferroelastic 90{deg} domains in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. These differ significantly from flux-closure domain patterns in the sam
Ferroelectrics display spontaneous and switchable electrical polarization. Until recently, ferroelectricity was believed to disappear at the nanoscale; now, nano-ferroelectrics are being considered in numerous applications. This renewed interest was
Local-probe imaging of the ferroelectric domain structure and auxiliary bulk pyroelectric measurements were conducted at low temperatures with the aim to clarify the essential aspects of the orbitally driven phase transition in GaMo4S8, a lacunar spi
The direct domain coupling of spontaneous ferroelectric polarization and net magnetic moment can result in giant magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, which is essential to achieve mutual control and practical applications of multiferroics. Recently, the po
Improper ferroelectrics are described by two order parameters: a primary one, driving a transition to long-range distortive, magnetic or otherwise non-electric order, and the electric polarization, which is induced by the primary order parameter as a