ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The dust in galaxies makes radiation transport calculations in them absolutely necessary. It is not only common practice in Astrophysics, but also wisdom, to try to make as simple models as possible to simulate physical systems. For spiral galaxies, however, this turned out to be catastrophic. For years, the major question of the opacity of spiral galaxies kept the community divided, because the models were too simple. A spiral galaxy appears, to first order, to have exponential distributions of stars and dust, which cannot be approximated with uniform distributions. We will review the radiative transfer methods used in galaxies and we will comment on their pluses and minuses. We will also present some of the main results of the application of one of the methods to the observations.
Lya is a key diagnostic for numerous observations of distant star-forming galaxies. Its interpretation requires, however, detailed radiation transfer models. We provide an extensive grid of 3D radiation transfer models simulating the Lya and UV conti
We solved the radiative transfer and statistical equilibrium equations in a two-dimensional cross-section of a cylindrical structure oriented horizontally and lying above the solar surface. The cylinder is filled with a mixture of hydrogen and helium
Near-field heat radiation and transfer are rich in various exciting effects, in particular, regarding the amplification due to the geometrical configuration of the system. In this paper, we study heat exchange in situations where the objects are conf
We present radiation transfer (RT) simulations of evolutionary sequences of massive protostars forming from massive dense cores in environments of high surface densities. The protostellar evolution is calculated with a detailed multi-zone model, with
Tori of Active Galactic Nuclei are made up of a mixture of hot and cold gas, as well as dust. In order to protect the dust grains from destruction by the hot gas as well as by the energetic radiation of the accretion disk, the dust is often assumed t